Which lab value would be most likely to cause the following dysrhythmia?

Ca 12

Mag 3.1

K+ 2.6

Mag 1.1

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Hypercalcemia (Calcium > 10.5 mg/dL) can lead to shortened QT intervals, not prolonged ones, and is unlikely to cause Torsades de Pointes.

B. A magnesium level of 3.1 mEq/L is slightly elevated and would not contribute to QT prolongation or Torsades de Pointes. In fact, magnesium supplementation is a treatment for this condition.

C. Hypokalemia (Potassium < 3.5 mEq/L) can prolong the QT interval and contribute to dysrhythmias, but it is less commonly a direct cause of Torsades de Pointes compared to hypomagnesemia. A potassium level of 2.6 mEq/L is low but would not typically result in Torsades without coexisting hypomagnesemia.

D. Hypomagnesemia (Magnesium < 1.5 mEq/L) disrupts the heart's electrical activity, prolonging the QT interval and increasing the risk of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, like Torsades de Pointes. Magnesium is critical for stabilizing myocardial electrical conduction, and a value of 1.1 mEq/L indicates significant deficiency, consistent with this dysrhythmia.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Heparin is an anticoagulant and does not typically cause bronchospasm or wheezing.

B. Morphine can cause respiratory depression but not bronchospasm.

C. Propranolol, a non-selective beta-blocker, can cause bronchospasm, particularly in clients with asthma.

D. Nitroglycerin primarily causes vasodilation and does not typically lead to bronchospasm or wheezing.

A. Orthopnea B. paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea C. pulsus alternans D. acute bilateral pleural effusion

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Orthopnea: Orthopnea is difficulty breathing when lying flat, but the client's description of waking up suddenly points to paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.

B. Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea: This is the correct answer. Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea occurs when a client with heart failure wakes up at night feeling suffocated due to fluid redistribution and pulmonary congestion.

C. Pulsus alternans: Pulsus alternans refers to alternating strong and weak heartbeats and is not related to the client's description of nocturnal dyspnea.

D. Acute bilateral pleural effusion: While pleural effusion can cause respiratory symptoms, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea is more specific to heart failure.

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Which lab value would be most likely to cause the following dysrhythmia?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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