Which laboratory report finding would support the nurse's conclusion that a patient has thalassemia major? Select all that apply.
One, some, or all responses may be correct.
Increased bilirubin levels.
Increased reticulocyte level.
Increased mean corpuscular volume.
Increased total iron-binding capacity.
Correct Answer : A,B,D
Choice A rationale:
Increased bilirubin levels can occur in thalassemia major due to the destruction of red blood cells, leading to elevated bilirubin, which is a breakdown product of hemoglobin. This elevation can contribute to jaundice and other symptoms.
Choice B rationale:
Thalassemia major leads to the destruction of red blood cells, causing the bone marrow to release more reticulocytes (immature red blood cells) into the bloodstream. Therefore, an increased reticulocyte level is expected in thalassemia major.
Choice C rationale:
Increased mean corpuscular volume (MCV) is not a typical finding in thalassemia major. Thalassemia major is characterized by microcytic (smaller than normal) red blood cells, leading to a decreased MCV.
Choice D rationale:
Thalassemia major causes increased iron absorption by the intestines, leading to elevated total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) TIBC measures the body's capacity to bind and transport iron in the blood, and elevated levels are seen in conditions with increased iron demand, such as thalassemia major.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
The base does interact with acids in the acid-base balance. Bases, by definition, are substances that can accept hydrogen ions (protons) and neutralize acids. In the context of acid-base balance, bases help regulate the pH of body fluids by counteracting the effects of acids.
Choice B rationale:
The role of the base in the acid-base balance is to promote the excretion of acid. Bicarbonate ions (HCO3-) are a vital component of the body's buffering system, helping to neutralize excess acid. The kidneys play a crucial role in excreting acids from the body, maintaining the acid-base balance.
Choice C rationale:
The base does not activate the system of acid-base balance; instead, it is part of the body's natural buffering system. The acid-base balance is regulated by the lungs and kidneys, which work together to maintain the pH of body fluids within a narrow range (7.35-7.45)
Choice D rationale:
Bases do not increase the action of hydrogen ions. In fact, bases neutralize hydrogen ions, which are acidic. By accepting these ions, bases help to decrease the acidity of a solution, playing a key role in maintaining the body's acid-base balance.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Purpura refers to purple or red discolorations on the skin caused by bleeding underneath the skin. It is larger than petechiae and ecchymosis and could be a sign of a more serious underlying condition. Petechiae are small, red or purple dots that appear on the skin due to minor bleeding from broken capillaries. In the context of leukemia and thrombocytopenia (low platelet count), petechiae are common due to impaired clotting mechanisms.
Choice B rationale:
Bruising occurs due to damage to blood vessels underneath the skin, resulting in the leakage of blood into the surrounding tissues. Bruises are typically larger than petechiae and can occur with various conditions, including trauma. In this case, the small 1-mm red macules are more indicative of petechiae.
Choice D rationale:
Ecchymosis refers to a larger area of subcutaneous bleeding or bruising. It is larger than both petechiae and purpura and often results from more significant trauma or bleeding disorders. The description of multiple 1-mm red macules is characteristic of petechiae rather than ecchymosis.
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