A patient reports episodic chest pain lasting a few minutes that is provoked by exertion and relieved within 10 minutes upon resting.
Which cause of the patient's symptoms would the nurse suspect?

Spasm of a major coronary artery.

Exposure of the thrombogenic surface to plaque.

Myocardial ischemia due to coronary artery disease.

Myocardial ischemia secondary to microvascular disease.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale:

Spasm of a major coronary artery, also known as variant (Prinzmetal's) angina, typically occurs at rest and is not necessarily provoked by exertion. The patient's chest pain is exacerbated by exertion, making this choice less likely.

Choice B rationale:

Exposure of the thrombogenic surface to plaque refers to acute coronary syndromes like unstable angina or myocardial infarction. While plaque rupture and thrombosis can cause myocardial ischemia, the characteristic feature of these conditions is chest pain that may not be relieved by rest, unlike the patient described here.

Choice D rationale:

Myocardial ischemia secondary to microvascular disease, also known as cardiac syndrome X, is a condition where chest pain occurs without significant coronary artery stenosis. However, this condition usually affects women, and the pain is often unrelated to exertion. In the given case, the pain is provoked by exertion, making this choice less likely.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Restricting all visitors might be beneficial in preventing infections, but it is not the most important strategy for a patient with neutropenia. The main concern is the risk of infections due to the compromised immune system.

Choice B rationale:

Placing the patient in a private room is crucial for a neutropenic patient. Neutropenia, characterized by a low absolute neutrophil count (ANC), significantly compromises the patient's immune system, making them highly susceptible to infections. Isolating the patient helps minimize the risk of exposure to pathogens, reducing the likelihood of infections.

Choice C rationale:

Using an electric shaver instead of a razor is advisable to prevent cuts and minimize the risk of skin infections. While this is a good practice, it is not the most important strategy compared to isolating the patient and using personal protective equipment (PPE) during direct patient care.

Choice D rationale:

Wearing a gown and gloves when in direct contact with the patient is essential to prevent the spread of infections. This is a necessary measure, but isolating the patient in a private room takes precedence as it minimizes the risk of exposure to pathogens, providing a safer environment for the neutropenic patient.

A. "Are you pregnant?” B. "Do you need to urinate?” C. "Do you have a headache or confusion?” D. "Are you taking antiseizure medications?”

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

While pregnancy can contribute to increased blood pressure, it is not the priority question in this scenario. The sudden rise in blood pressure could indicate a hypertensive crisis, which needs immediate attention.

Choice B rationale:

Urination is not directly related to sudden rises in blood pressure. While urinary issues could be a sign of certain conditions, they are not the priority when dealing with a hypertensive emergency.

Choice C rationale:

A sudden rise in blood pressure can lead to symptoms such as headache and confusion, which could indicate a hypertensive crisis. This question is crucial to assess neurological symptoms, which can be indicative of target organ damage due to hypertension.

Choice D rationale:

Antiseizure medications are not directly related to sudden increases in blood pressure. Neurological symptoms (like those in choice C) are more indicative of a hypertensive crisis and require immediate attention.

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A patient reports episodic chest pain lasting a few minutes that is provoked by exertion and relieved within 10 minutes upon resting.Which cause of the patient's symptoms would the nurse suspect?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which strategy is most important for a nurse to include when planning care for a patient who has neutropenia?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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A patient reports episodic chest pain lasting a few minutes that is provoked by exertion and relieved within 10 minutes upon resting.
Which cause of the patient's symptoms would the nurse suspect?