The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who is receiving a nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI). The patient reports experiencing malaise, fatigue, and anorexia.

The PN observes the patient’s respirations are 30 breaths/minute.

Which laboratory result is most important for the PN to review?

Liver function tests.

Arterial blood gases.

Complete blood count.

Basic metabolic panel.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale
The patient is receiving a nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) for HIV
treatment and reports experiencing malaise, fatigue, and anorexia. These symptoms, along
with the observed increased respiratory rate, could be indicative of liver toxicity, a known
potential side effect of NRTIs. Therefore, reviewing liver function tests would be most
important in this case.
Choice B rationale
While arterial blood gases can provide valuable information about a patient’s respiratory
status, they may not be the most relevant in this context. The patient’s symptoms and the side
effect profile of NRTIs suggest that liver function may be a more pressing concern.

Choice C rationale
A complete blood count (CBC) can provide a broad overview of a patient’s general health, but it
may not provide the specific information needed to assess the patient’s current symptoms and
potential medication side effects.
Choice D rationale
A basic metabolic panel can provide information about a patient’s kidney function, electrolyte
levels, and blood sugar levels, among other things. However, given the patient’s symptoms and
medication regimen, liver function tests may be more relevant.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
If a child undergoing a blood transfusion complains of itchy skin and appears flushed, these
could be signs of a transfusion reaction. The PN should stop the transfusion immediately.
Choice B rationale
While inspecting the infusion site is a part of regular monitoring during a transfusion, it would
not typically be the first action in response to symptoms of a possible transfusion reaction.
Choice C rationale
Applying lotion to the skin would not address the underlying issue if the child is experiencing a
transfusion reaction.
Choice D rationale
Checking the vital signs is important, but the first action should be to stop the transfusion if a
reaction is suspected.

A. No purulent drainage present from lesions on the legs B. Affected areas are free of localized redness and swelling C. Scaly areas of the skin appear softer with less peeling D. Full range of motion without pain of lower extremity joints . .

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice C rationale

Keratolytics are medications designed to dissolve skin flakes and scales. In the treatment of psoriasis, a condition characterized by thick, scaly patches of skin, the desired effect of a keratolytic would be to soften and reduce these scales.

Choice A rationale

While no purulent drainage present from lesions on the legs could be a positive sign in the treatment of psoriasis, it is not a direct result of the keratolytic properties of the applied preparation.

Choice B rationale

Affected areas being free of localized redness and swelling could be a positive sign in the treatment of psoriasis, but it is not a direct result of the keratolytic properties of the applied preparation.

Choice D rationale

Full range of motion without pain of lower extremity joints is not a direct result of the keratolytic properties of the applied preparation. It could be a positive sign in the overall treatment of psoriasis, but it is not directly related to the use of a keratolytic.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A 12-year-old child is undergoing a blood transfusion via an infusion pump and begins to complain of “itchy skin” 15 minutes after the start of the blood unit. The child appears flushed. What action should the practical nurse (PN) take?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The practical nurse applies a preparation with keratolytic properties to both legs of a client with psoriasis. Which finding indicates the desired effect has been achieved?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice C rationale

Choice A rationale

Choice B rationale

Choice D rationale

Review the patient data history and physical flow sheet. Mark whether the assessment finding represents a therapeutic result of the minoxidil administered, a nontherapeutic side effect, or an unrelated finding.

Based on the patient’s status at 1600, what should the Practical Nurse (PN) prepare to do immediately? Select all that apply.

A patient with Paget’s disease has been prescribed alendronate. What information should the practical nurse (PN) emphasize to the patient?

A client who is scheduled for colorectal surgery is receiving metronidazole intravenously preoperatively. Which problem should the practical nurse report to the charge nurse?

The Practical Nurse (PN) is reinforcing information with a patient who has been diagnosed with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) about the antiretroviral medication regimen. Which patient statement should the PN recognize as requiring an additional review of the information?

Which instruction should the PN emphasize about the dosing schedule?

What action should the practical nurse (PN) instruct the client to perform prior to the instillation of nasal drops?

A patient with depression who is taking a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) reports frequent early morning awakening and difficulty going back to sleep. Which information from the patient is important for the Practical Nurse (PN) to obtain to improve the patient’s sleep pattern?