The Practical Nurse (PN) is reinforcing information with a patient who has been diagnosed with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) about the antiretroviral medication regimen.
Which patient statement should the PN recognize as requiring an additional review of the information?
The medications can decrease Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) related complications.
HIV infection is not cured by the antiretroviral regimen.
The viral load can be decreased to an undetectable level.
Antiretroviral medication prevents the transmission of the virus.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) effectively suppresses the virus, which strengthens the immune system. This significantly reduces the risk of developing opportunistic infections and other serious complications associated with advanced AIDS.
Choice B rationale: Current medical science does not have a cure for HIV. Antiretroviral medications manage the chronic condition by preventing the virus from replicating, but they do not eliminate it completely.
Choice C rationale: The primary goal of ART is to reduce the plasma HIV RNA to undetectable levels. This prevents further immune system damage and reduces the risk of drug resistance developing.
Choice D rationale: While an undetectable viral load significantly reduces the risk, the medication itself does not provide a 100% guarantee against transmission. Patients must still practice safe behaviors to protect others.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Given the client’s high blood pressure and complaint of a headache, it is important to continuously monitor the client’s cardiac status to detect any changes that may indicate worsening condition.
Choice B rationale
Placing an indwelling urinary catheter is not the immediate next step in this client’s care. While it may be necessary in some cases, it is not directly related to the client’s current symptoms.
Choice C rationale
Giving a fluid bolus is not the immediate next step in this client’s care. While it may be necessary in some cases, it is not directly related to the client’s current symptoms.
Choice D rationale
Drawing a basic metabolic panel (BMP) could be helpful in assessing the client’s overall health and kidney function, but it is not the immediate next step in this client’s care.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Headaches are a common side effect of many medications and do not necessarily indicate a serious problem. However, if the headache is severe or persistent, it should be reported to the healthcare provider.
Choice B rationale
Difficulty sleeping is not typically associated with propranolol. While it can occur, it is not a common side effect and is not usually a cause for concern.
Choice C rationale
Palpitations, or a feeling of a fast, fluttering, or pounding heart, can be a sign of an irregular heartbeat, which can be a serious side effect of propranolol. This is because propranolol is a beta-blocker, a type of drug that can slow heart rate and reduce the force of heart contractions. Therefore, if a patient reports palpitations, the healthcare provider should be notified before the next dose of propranolol is given.
Choice D rationale
Nausea is a common side effect of many medications, including propranolol. However, it is usually mild and temporary. If the nausea is severe, persistent, or accompanied by other symptoms such as vomiting, the healthcare provider should be notified.
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