Which laboratory results should the nurse closely monitor in a client who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD)?

Serum potassium, calcium, and phosphorus.

Erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and hematocrit.

Leukocytes, neutrophils, and thyroxine.

Blood pressure, heart rate, and temperature.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Serum potassium, calcium, and phosphorus: Correct! In end-stage renal disease (ESRD), the kidneys are unable to adequately filter waste products and maintain electrolyte balance.
Monitoring serum potassium, calcium, and phosphorus levels is crucial as imbalances in these
electrolytes are common and can lead to serious complications such as cardiac arrhythmias, bone disorders, and muscle weakness.
B. Erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and hematocrit: While anemia is a common complication of ESRD, monitoring erythrocyte indices (such as erythrocyte count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit) is
important, but it is not specifically related to renal function monitoring.

C. Leukocytes, neutrophils, and thyroxine: Monitoring leukocytes and neutrophils is important for assessing immune function and detecting infections, but it is not directly related to renal
function monitoring in ESRD Thyroxine monitoring is relevant for thyroid function, which is not typically affected by ESRD.
D. Blood pressure, heart rate, and temperature: Monitoring vital signs such as blood pressure,

heart rate, and temperature is important in overall client assessment, but it does not specifically address the need for monitoring electrolyte imbalances associated with ESRD These parameters may be affected by complications of ESRD, but the primary focus in ESRD monitoring is on
renal function and electrolyte balance.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Provide bedside equipment for transmission and protective precautions: While infection control precautions are important, obtaining cultures to identify the source of infection and guide treatment is the priority in this scenario.

B. Evaluate daily serum electrolytes and hydration status: While monitoring electrolytes and hydration is important in critically ill patients, it is not the priority in this situation where the client is presenting with signs of systemic infection.

C. Culture sputum, urine, burn wound, and all intravenous access sites: The priority is to obtain cultures to identify the source of infection, which will guide antibiotic therapy and other

interventions.

D. Implement central line-associated bloodstream infection: While preventing central line- associated bloodstream infection is important, it is not the priority in this situation where the client is presenting with signs of systemic infection.

A. Initiate seizure precautions. B. Monitor serum potassium frequently. C. Assess pupillary response to light hourly. D. Measure urinary output every hour.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Initiate seizure precautions: Dopamine administration does not typically require seizure
precautions. The focus should be on monitoring for adverse effects related to blood pressure and urinary output.
B. Monitor serum potassium frequently: While electrolyte imbalances can occur with dopamine administration, the priority is to monitor urinary output as dopamine affects renal perfusion and urine output.
C. Assess pupillary response to light hourly: Monitoring pupillary response is important in some situations, but it's not the primary concern with dopamine administration.
D. Measure urinary output every hour: Correct! Dopamine is administered to improve renal perfusion and increase urine output in hypotensive patients. Monitoring urinary output every
hour is essential to assess the effectiveness of dopamine therapy and detect any signs of renal dysfunction or worsening hypotension.

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Which laboratory results should the nurse closely monitor in a client who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD)?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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