Which medication enhances insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells and is commonly used to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Metformin.

Glipizide.

Insulin glargine.

Acarbose.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Glipizide is a sulfonylurea medication that stimulates insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells, helping to lower blood glucose levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. Metformin is an oral antidiabetic medication that primarily improves insulin sensitivity and reduces hepatic glucose production.

c. This choice is incorrect. Insulin glargine is a long-acting basal insulin used in insulin therapy to provide consistent background insulin coverage.

d. This choice is incorrect. Acarbose is an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor that delays carbohydrate absorption in the intestines and is used to manage postprandial hyperglycemia.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by insulin resistance, where cells do not effectively respond to insulin, and relative insulin deficiency due to impaired beta cell function.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. Type 1 diabetes mellitus involves autoimmune destruction of beta cells and an absolute insulin deficiency.

c. This choice is incorrect. Gestational diabetes mellitus occurs during pregnancy and may involve a combination of insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion.

d. This choice is incorrect. Secondary diabetes mellitus is caused by other medical conditions or factors, not primarily by insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency.

A. Fasting blood glucose test. B. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) test. C. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). D. Random blood glucose test.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The OGTT involves drinking a glucose solution and measuring blood glucose levels at specific intervals. It is used to assess glucose tolerance and diagnose gestational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. The fasting blood glucose test measures blood glucose levels after an overnight fast and is not specifically used for diagnosing gestational diabetes.

b. This choice is incorrect. The HbA1c test measures average blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 months and is not typically used for diagnosing gestational diabetes.

d. This choice is incorrect. The random blood glucose test measures blood glucose levels at any time and is not specific for diagnosing gestational diabetes.

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Which medication enhances insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells and is commonly used to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which classification of diabetes mellitus is primarily characterized by insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Which diagnostic test is used to assess glucose tolerance and diagnose gestational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which treatment approach involves delivering a continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion using an insulin pump and providing bolus doses before meals to mimic physiologic insulin secretion?

Which type of diabetes mellitus is characterized by an autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, leading to an absolute deficiency of insulin production?

Which classification of diabetes mellitus is characterized by an autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, resulting in an absolute insulin deficiency?

Which clinical manifestation of diabetes mellitus results from chronic hyperglycemia damaging small blood vessels and nerves?

Which of the following is an appropriate dietary recommendation for a client with diabetes mellitus?

Which dietary component is particularly important for individuals with diabetes mellitus to monitor and control due to its direct impact on blood glucose levels?

Which of the following is a long-term complication associated with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus?

Which medication works by increasing insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues, facilitating glucose uptake by cells, and is commonly used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus?