Which medication enhances insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells and is commonly used to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus?
Metformin.
Glipizide.
Insulin glargine.
Acarbose.
The Correct Answer is B
Glipizide is a sulfonylurea medication that stimulates insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells, helping to lower blood glucose levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. Metformin is an oral antidiabetic medication that primarily improves insulin sensitivity and reduces hepatic glucose production.
c. This choice is incorrect. Insulin glargine is a long-acting basal insulin used in insulin therapy to provide consistent background insulin coverage.
d. This choice is incorrect. Acarbose is an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor that delays carbohydrate absorption in the intestines and is used to manage postprandial hyperglycemia.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Diabetic retinopathy, a microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus, can lead to blurred or distorted vision due to damage to the blood vessels in the retina.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. Polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia are the "three P's" associated with hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus.
b. This choice is incorrect. Nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain are not typically associated with blurred or distorted vision.
c. This choice is incorrect. Impaired wound healing and increased susceptibility to infections are related to the effects of hyperglycemia on blood flow and immune function, rather than visual disturbances.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by an autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, leading to an absolute insulin deficiency. It is not primarily characterized by insulin resistance (choice a) and is not typically diagnosed in adulthood (choice b). Oral hypoglycemic agents (choice d) are not the mainstay of treatment for type 1 diabetes.
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