Which type of diabetes mellitus is characterized by an autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, leading to an absolute deficiency of insulin production?
Type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Gestational diabetes mellitus.
Prediabetes.
The Correct Answer is A
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by an autoimmune process in which the body's immune system destroys the pancreatic beta cells responsible for producing insulin. This results in an absolute deficiency of insulin, requiring exogenous insulin administration for glycemic control.
Incorrect choices:
b. This choice is incorrect. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion, rather than autoimmune destruction of beta cells.
c. This choice is incorrect. Gestational diabetes mellitus occurs during pregnancy and is not characterized by autoimmune destruction of beta cells.
d. This choice is incorrect. Prediabetes is a precursor to type 2 diabetes and involves impaired glucose tolerance, but it does not result from autoimmune destruction of beta cells.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A fasting blood glucose level of 126 mg/dL or higher on two separate occasions is indicative of diabetes mellitus. A level of 110 mg/dL is within the normal range, and levels of 90 mg/dL and 100 mg/dL are also normal.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. A fasting blood glucose level of 110 mg/dL is within the normal range.
c. This choice is incorrect. A fasting blood glucose level of 90 mg/dL is within the normal range.
d. This choice is incorrect. A fasting blood glucose level of 100 mg/dL is within the normal range.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) test measures the percentage of hemoglobin that is glycated, reflecting average blood glucose levels over the past 2 to 3 months. It is a valuable tool for assessing long-term glycemic control.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. The fasting blood glucose test measures blood glucose levels after an overnight fast and provides a snapshot of current glucose levels, rather than long-term control.
b. This choice is incorrect. The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) measures how the body responds to a glucose load and is used to diagnose diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance, rather than monitor long-term control.
d. This choice is incorrect. The C-peptide test is used to assess insulin production by measuring the level of C-peptide, a byproduct of insulin production.
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