The development of a new infection as a result of the elimination of normal flora by an antibiotic is referred to as what?
Resistant infection
Superinfection
Nosocomial infection
Allergic reaction.
The Correct Answer is B
A superinfection is defined as an infection that comes second to an initial infection and is often caused by the elimination of normal flora by an antibiotic.
Normal flora are the microorganisms that normally live in the human body and help prevent the growth of harmful pathogens.
When an antibiotic kills the normal flora, it creates an opportunity for other microorganisms to overgrow and cause a new infection.
Choice A is wrong because a resistant infection is an infection that does not respond to an antibiotic due to the presence of resistant bacteria.
Resistance can occur when bacteria mutate or acquire genes that make them able to survive the antibiotic.
Choice C is wrong because a nosocomial infection is an infection that is acquired in a hospital or health care setting.
Nosocomial infections can be caused by various factors, such as exposure to contaminated equipment, poor hygiene practices, or transmission from other patients or staff.
Choice D is wrong because an allergic reaction is an immune response to a foreign substance that is not harmful.
Allergic reactions can occur when a person is sensitive to an antibiotic or any other drug.
Symptoms of an allergic reaction may include rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Ceftriaxone belongs to the third-generation of cephalosporins.Third-generation cephalosporins have greater activity than the second-generation cephalosporins against certain gram-negative bacteria, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae.They are also more resistant to beta-lactamases, enzymes that can inactivate some cephalosporins.
Choice A is wrong because first-generation cephalosporins have less activity against gram-negative bacteria and are more susceptible to beta-lactamases.
Choice B is wrong because second-generation cephalosporins have less activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae than third-generation cephalosporins, and are also less resistant to beta-lactamases.
Choice D is wrong because fourth-generation cephalosporins have a broader spectrum of activity against gram-negative bacteria, including some that are resistant to third-generation cephalosporins, but they are not more effective against Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that can cause nephrotoxicity, which is damage to the kidneys.Serum creatinine is a measure of kidney function and should be monitored closely during gentamicin therapy. The normal range for serum creatinine is 0.6 to 1.2 mg/dL for men and 0.5 to 1.1 mg/dL for women.
Choice B is wrong because serum potassium is not affected by gentamicin.
The normal range for serum potassium is 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L.
Choice C is wrong because serum calcium is not affected by gentamicin.
The normal range for serum calcium is 8.5 to 10.2 mg/dL.
Choice D is wrong because serum glucose is not affected by gentamicin.
The normal range for serum glucose is 70 to 110 mg/dL.
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