Which of the following could the nurse expect to observe in an older adult client who has a pneumothorax?

Higher oxygen saturations of 98% to 99%

Lower oxygen saturations of 93% to 94%

Lower energy expenditure

Increased lung capacity

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A Reason:

Higher oxygen saturations of 98% to 99% is inappropriate. A pneumothorax involves the presence of air in the pleural space, which can compromise lung function and gas exchange. This compromised lung function typically leads to decreased oxygenation of the blood, resulting in lower oxygen saturations rather than higher saturations.

Choice B Reason:

Lower oxygen saturations of 93% to 94% is appropriate. A pneumothorax disrupts the normal exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs due to partial or complete lung collapse. As a result, the affected lung is unable to adequately oxygenate the blood, leading to lower oxygen saturations, which are indicative of hypoxemia.

Choice C Reason:

Lower energy expenditure is inappropriate. Energy expenditure is not typically affected by a pneumothorax. While the discomfort and respiratory distress associated with a pneumothorax may cause the individual to limit physical activity, there is no direct impact on overall energy expenditure.

Choice D Reason:

Increased lung capacity is inappropriate. A pneumothorax results in partial or complete collapse of the affected lung, reducing lung capacity rather than increasing it. The presence of air in the pleural space creates positive pressure, which can compress the lung and decrease its ability to expand fully during inhalation.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

"You must experiment with your body to find out what stimulation is enjoyable after your injury." This statement encourages the client to explore their body and discover what types of sexual stimulation are enjoyable and pleasurable for them post-injury. It promotes self-discovery and empowerment in sexual expression, which can be important for sexual satisfaction and intimacy.

Choice B Reason:

"You will not be able to have an intimate relationship with anyone after a spinal cord injury." This statement is incorrect and defeatist. It can create unnecessary feelings of hopelessness and despair in the client. Individuals with spinal cord injuries can still have intimate relationships and engage in sexual activity with partners, albeit with potential adjustments or accommodations.

Choice C Reason:

"You should not feel undesirable after your injury. You are still nice-looking. “While it's important to address body image concerns and reassure the client about their physical appearance, this statement may not directly address sexual stimulation or intimacy. However, it can help promote self-confidence and positive self-esteem, which are important aspects of sexuality and relationships.

Choice D Reason:

"Clients who have a spinal cord injury are not aroused by touch around the groin area." This statement is inaccurate and dismissive of the individual's potential for sexual arousal and pleasure. Sensation and arousal can vary among individuals with spinal cord injuries, and touch around the groin area may still be arousing for some individuals, depending on the level and extent of injury.

A. Pregabalin B. Natalizumab C. Furosemide D. Metoprolol

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Pregabalin is incorrect. Pregabalin is a medication used to treat neuropathic pain, seizures, and generalized anxiety disorder. It is not associated with an increased risk of PML.

Choice B Reason:

Natalizumab is correct.: Natalizumab is a monoclonal antibody used to treat relapsing forms of MS. It is associated with an increased risk of developing PML, particularly in individuals who are JC virus antibody positive. Regular monitoring of JC virus antibody status and clinical vigilance is required when using natalizumab to reduce the risk of PML.

Choice C Reason:

Furosemide: Furosemide is a loop diuretic used to treat edema and hypertension. It is not associated with an increased risk of PML.

Choice D Reason:

Metoprolol is incorrect .Metoprolol is a beta-blocker used to treat hypertension, angina, and heart failure. It is not associated with an increased risk of PML.

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Which of the following could the nurse expect to observe in an older adult client who has a pneumothorax?

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