Which of the following describes Akinetic mutism?
Unresponsiveness to the environment, makes no movement or sound but sometimes opens eyes
Devoid of cognitive function but has sleep-wake cycles
Unconsciousness, unarousable unresponsiveness
Inability to move or respond except for eye movements due to a lesion affecting the pons
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A: Unresponsiveness to the environment, makes no movement or sound but sometimes opens eyes is a description of akinetic mutism, as it is a state of severe apathy and reduced motor activity caused by damage to the frontal lobes or basal ganglia.
Choice B: Devoid of cognitive function but has sleep-wake cycles is not a description of akinetic mutism, but rather a description of persistent vegetative state, as it is a state of minimal awareness and responsiveness caused by widespread brain damage.
Choice C: Unconsciousness, unarousable unresponsiveness is not a description of akinetic mutism, but rather a description of coma, as it is a state of complete loss of consciousness and reflexes caused by severe brain injury.
Choice D: Inability to move or respond except for eye movements due to a lesion affecting the pons is not a description of akinetic mutism, but rather a description of locked-in syndrome, as it is a state of complete paralysis and preserved consciousness caused by damage to the brainstem.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A: Ethnicity is not a modifiable risk factor of strokes, as it is determined by genetic and cultural factors that cannot be changed.
Choice B: Gender is not a modifiable risk factor of strokes, as it is determined by biological and hormonal factors that cannot be changed.
Choice C: Age is not a modifiable risk factor of strokes, as it is determined by chronological factors that cannot be changed.
Choice D: Obesity is a modifiable risk factor of strokes, as it can be reduced by lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise. Obesity can increase the risk of strokes by causing high blood pressure, diabetes, and heart disease.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A: Loss of motor neurons in the brain is not a complete definition of ALS, as it does not include the loss of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brainstem.
Choice B: Loss of sensory neurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord is not a correct definition of ALS, as it involves sensory neurons, not motor neurons.
Choice C: Loss of motor neurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord and loss of motor nuclei of the lower brainstem is a correct definition of ALS, as it describes the progressive degeneration and death of both upper and lower motor neurons that control voluntary muscle movements²⁴.
Choice D: All of the above is not correct, as only choice C is a correct definition of ALS.
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