Which of the following describes Akinetic mutism?
Unresponsiveness to the environment, makes no movement or sound but sometimes opens eyes
Devoid of cognitive function but has sleep-wake cycles
Unconsciousness, unarousable unresponsiveness
Inability to move or respond except for eye movements due to a lesion affecting the pons
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A: Unresponsiveness to the environment, makes no movement or sound but sometimes opens eyes is a description of akinetic mutism, as it is a state of severe apathy and reduced motor activity caused by damage to the frontal lobes or basal ganglia.
Choice B: Devoid of cognitive function but has sleep-wake cycles is not a description of akinetic mutism, but rather a description of persistent vegetative state, as it is a state of minimal awareness and responsiveness caused by widespread brain damage.
Choice C: Unconsciousness, unarousable unresponsiveness is not a description of akinetic mutism, but rather a description of coma, as it is a state of complete loss of consciousness and reflexes caused by severe brain injury.
Choice D: Inability to move or respond except for eye movements due to a lesion affecting the pons is not a description of akinetic mutism, but rather a description of locked-in syndrome, as it is a state of complete paralysis and preserved consciousness caused by damage to the brainstem.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A: Sepsis is a serious infection that occurs when the body's immune system overreacts to an injury or illness. It can cause organ failure and death. People with spinal cord injury are more prone to sepsis because they may have impaired bladder and bowel function, skin breakdown, or reduced sensation that can lead to infections.
Choice B: Pulmonary embolism is a blockage of an artery in the lungs by a blood clot. It can cause chest pain, shortness of breath, and death. People with spinal cord injury are more at risk of pulmonary embolism because they may have reduced mobility, blood circulation, or breathing capacity that can promote blood clot formation.
Choice C: Pneumonia is an inflammation of the lungs caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. It can cause fever, cough, and difficulty breathing. People with spinal cord injury are more susceptible to pneumonia because they may have weakened cough reflex, impaired lung function, or aspiration of food or saliva into the lungs.
Choice D: All of the above are major causes of death related to spinal cord injury. They can occur separately or together and can be prevented or treated with proper medical care and lifestyle modifications.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A: Nutrition supplements is not a direct intervention for maintaining skin integrity, but rather a general measure to support the patient's overall health and healing.
Choice B: Consulting speech therapy is not relevant for maintaining skin integrity, but rather for addressing the patient's communication and swallowing needs.
Choice C: Assessing the skin and frequent repositioning is a correct intervention for maintaining skin integrity, as it can prevent pressure ulcers or bedsores by reducing friction, shear, and moisture on the skin.
Choice D: Ambulating the patient as much as possible is not a specific intervention for maintaining skin integrity, but rather a general measure to promote the patient's mobility and circulation.
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