Which of the following instruments is used to measure air or bone conduction in the ear?
Tuning fork.
Penlight.
Reflex hammer.
Otoscope.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
A tuning fork is a U-shaped instrument that, when struck, produces a specific frequency of vibration. In audiology, it is used to assess both air conduction (sound transmitted through the external and middle ear to the inner ear) and bone conduction (sound transmitted directly to the inner ear through the skull), aiding in differentiating types of hearing loss.
Choice B rationale
A penlight is a small, handheld light source primarily used for illuminating body cavities, assessing pupillary reflexes, or examining the oral cavity and throat. It does not produce sound vibrations and is not used for measuring air or bone conduction in the ear.
Choice C rationale
A reflex hammer is an instrument used to elicit deep tendon reflexes by tapping on tendons, stretching the muscle, and activating the reflex arc. It is a neurological assessment tool and has no function in measuring auditory conduction.
Choice D rationale
An otoscope is a medical device equipped with a light and magnifying lens, used for visual examination of the external ear canal and tympanic membrane (eardrum). While essential for ear assessment, it does not measure air or bone conduction; rather, it allows for direct visualization of anatomical structures.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["4"]
Explanation
Step 1 is: Calculate units per mL. 100 units ÷ 100 mL = 1 unit/mL.
Step 2 is: Calculate units per hour. 1 unit/mL × 4 mL/hr = 4 units/hr. The final calculated answer is 4 units/hr.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Administering nitroglycerin on an as-needed basis for sudden, crushing chest pain is inappropriate because the immediate nature of the pain requires rapid intervention. Myocardial ischemia, often causing such pain, necessitates swift vasodilation to improve coronary blood flow and oxygen supply, preventing irreversible cardiac muscle damage. Delay can exacerbate ischemia.
Choice B rationale
Administering nitroglycerin on a prescribed schedule is typically reserved for prophylactic use in conditions like stable angina to prevent episodes, not for acute, sudden onset chest pain. This type of pain indicates an acute event, potentially myocardial infarction, demanding immediate action to mitigate cardiac damage through rapid vasodilation.
Choice C rationale
Administering medication at the earliest convenience is not appropriate for a STAT order in a patient experiencing sudden, crushing chest pain. "STAT" signifies an urgent need for the medication, indicating a life-threatening or rapidly evolving condition requiring immediate pharmacological intervention to avert significant physiological compromise.
Choice D rationale
Administering nitroglycerin immediately is crucial for sudden, crushing chest pain as it suggests acute myocardial ischemia or infarction. Nitroglycerin causes vasodilation, reducing preload and afterload, which decreases myocardial oxygen demand and improves coronary blood flow, thereby limiting cardiac damage and alleviating symptoms rapidly.
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