Which of the following is a characteristic feature of irritable bowel syndrome?

weight loss and malnutrition

Alteration between constipation and diarrhea

Severe rectal bleeding

Fever and elevated white blood cell count

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Weight loss and malnutrition: IBS does not typically cause weight loss or malnutrition. If a client experiences these symptoms, further evaluation is needed to rule out other conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or malignancy.

B. Alteration between constipation and diarrhea: IBS is characterized by a change in bowel habits, which may include alternating episodes of constipation and diarrhea. This is the correct answer.

C. Severe rectal bleeding: IBS does not cause rectal bleeding. If present, conditions such as hemorrhoids, IBD, or colorectal cancer should be considered.

D. Fever and elevated white blood cell count: IBS does not cause systemic inflammation. Fever and leukocytosis are more indicative of infections or inflammatory disorders like ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Blood-tinged: Pancreatic cancer does not typically cause rectal bleeding.

B. Clay: Blockage of the bile duct leads to pale (clay-colored) stools due to lack of bilirubin.

C. Brown: Normal stools are brown due to bilirubin metabolism.

D. Chalky: Chalky is not a typical term used for stool description in pancreatic cancer.

A. Decrease in the respiratory rate from 20 to 16/min. B. Increase in the heart rate from 88 to 110/min C. Decrease in the urinary output from 50 mL to 30 ml per hour. D. increase in the temperature from 99.5°F to 101.5°F

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Decrease in the respiratory rate from 20 to 16/min: Hypovolemic shock typically causes tachypnea (increased respiratory rate) as the body tries to increase oxygen delivery. A decreasing respiratory rate is not an expected finding.

B. Increase in the heart rate from 88 to 110/min: Tachycardia is an early sign of hypovolemic shock because the heart compensates for low blood volume by pumping faster.

C. Decrease in the urinary output from 50 mL to 30 mL per hour: A drop in urine output suggests early organ perfusion issues, but hypovolemic shock is suspected when urine output falls below 20 mL/hr.

D. Increase in the temperature from 99.5°F to 101.5°F: Fever suggests infection or inflammatory response, not hypovolemic shock. Shock typically causes hypothermia (low body temperature) as circulation is compromised.

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Which of the following is a characteristic feature of irritable bowel syndrome?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with cancer of the pancreas head who is complaining of nausea, severe epigastric pain, and jaundice. Which of the following stool characteristics can the nurse anticipate?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who returns to the nursing unit from the recovery room after a sigmoid colon resection for adenocarcinoma. The client had an episode of intraoperative bleeding, which finding indicates to the nurse that the client may be developing hypovolemic shock?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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