Which of the following is a common risk factor for surgical patients?

A. Shave all of the client's hair:

Shaving can cause micro abrasions, increasing the risk of infection. Clipping, not shaving, is preferred.

B. Scrub the surgical site starting at the outer edge and moving inward:

The proper technique is to start at the center (incision site) and move outward in a circular motion to prevent contamination.

C. Use a new cleansing wipe for each part of the body when preparing the patient for the surgery:

This is generally not required unless performing a full-body antiseptic bath. For site-specific prep, a single-use applicator or swab is used per site.

D. Cleanse the surgical site with a povidone-iodine solution:

Povidone-iodine is a broad-spectrum antiseptic used to reduce microbial load at the surgical site.

A. Adjust the suction pressure, assess the client's response, don clean gloves, insert the suction catheter without suction, apply suction while withdrawing the catheter:

Gloves must be sterile, not clean, for trach suctioning. Also, suction must be tested before insertion.

B. Don sterile gloves, adjust suction pressure, apply suction while inserting the suction catheter, withdraw the catheter without suction, assess the client's response:

Suction should never be applied while inserting the catheter-this can damage mucosa and cause hypoxia.

C. Adjust suction pressure, don sterile gloves, test suction, insert the suction catheter without suction, apply suction while withdrawing the catheter, assess the client's response:

This is the proper sequence for safe and effective suctioning.

D. Don sterile gloves, assess the client's response, adjust the suction pressure, insert the suction catheter without suction, apply suction while withdrawing the catheter:

Suction pressure should be adjusted before donning sterile gloves, and suction should be tested before catheter insertion.