Which of the following is a common side effect associated with quinolonest
Nephrotoxicity
Hypersensitivity reactions
Tendon rupture
Ototoxicity
The Correct Answer is C
A. Nephrotoxicity: Nephrotoxicity is more commonly associated with aminoglycosides and certain chemotherapeutic drugs. While quinolones are excreted by the kidneys, they are not typically linked to significant kidney toxicity as a primary side effect.
B. Hypersensitivity reactions: Allergic reactions can occur with any antibiotic, including quinolones, but they are not the hallmark adverse effect. They are less frequent compared to the well-recognized musculoskeletal complications.
C. Tendon rupture: Quinolones, such as ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin, are well known for causing tendon inflammation and rupture, particularly the Achilles tendon. This risk is higher in older adults, clients on corticosteroids, and those with kidney disease.
D. Ototoxicity: Ototoxicity is associated with aminoglycosides like gentamicin, not quinolones. Hearing loss, tinnitus, or vestibular damage are not common complications of quinolone therapy.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Antibiotics work solely by interacting with receptors on bacterial cells: Antibiotics act through several mechanisms, not just receptor interaction. Some disrupt cell wall synthesis, others inhibit protein production or interfere with nucleic acid metabolism.
B. All antibiotics have the same mechanism of action and therapeutic effects: Antibiotics differ widely in how they work and what infections they treat. Assuming uniform mechanisms ignores the diversity between classes such as beta-lactams, macrolides, and fluoroquinolones.
C. Antibiotics can inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis, protein synthesis, or DNA replication: This statement reflects the primary mechanisms of action of antibiotics. By targeting these vital bacterial processes, antibiotics effectively prevent bacterial growth or kill the organisms.
D. The mechanism of action of antibiotics involves their chemical structure only: While chemical structure influences how a drug works, the mechanism of action is defined by its specific biological effect on bacteria, not just its molecular makeup.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Sodium 140 mEq/L: This value is within the normal reference range (135–145 mEq/L). Sodium balance is important to monitor with many medications, but this finding does not pose a contraindication to initiating amphotericin B.
B. BUN 55 mg/dL: This value is significantly elevated above the normal range (10–20 mg/dL). Amphotericin B is nephrotoxic, and impaired renal function increases the risk of severe kidney injury. This abnormal result must be reported before administering the drug.
C. Glucose 120 mg/dL: Although slightly above fasting normal levels, this value is not dangerously high and does not impact the safe initiation of amphotericin B. Glucose is not a critical concern in relation to this antifungal medication.
D. Potassium 4.5 mEq/L: This value is within the normal range (3.5–5.0 mEq/L). While amphotericin B can cause hypokalemia, a normal potassium level at baseline does not require withholding the drug.
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