Which of the following is due to the inability to produce collagen or producing a defective collagen?

A. mucus: Mucous membranes line body cavities that open to the exterior, such as the respiratory, digestive, and urogenital tracts. They contain goblet cells that secrete mucus.

B. synovial: Synovial membranes line joint cavities and produce synovial fluid, not found in the respiratory tract.

C. serous: Serous membranes line body cavities that do not open to the exterior (e.g., pleura, pericardium, peritoneum) and secrete a watery fluid, not mucus.

D. peritoneal: The peritoneal membrane is a type of serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity, not the respiratory tract.

A. osteoporosis
This is a condition of reduced bone mass, often due to calcium/Vitamin D deficiency or hormonal imbalance-not defective collagen.

B. osteogenesis imperfecta
Known as “brittle bone disease”, osteogenesis imperfecta is a genetic disorder caused by defective or insufficient type I collagen, leading to fragile bones.

C. osteomalacia
Caused by Vitamin D deficiency, leading to soft bones due to defective mineralization, not collagen defects.

D. osteoarthritis
Degeneration of articular cartilage due to aging or wear-and-tear, not a collagen production issue.

E. osteopetrosis
A bone resorption disorder due to defective osteoclasts, resulting in abnormally dense but brittle bones-not due to collagen abnormalities.

F. fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva
A rare genetic disorder in which soft tissue gradually turns into bone, unrelated to collagen production.