Mary took a whole jar of calcium chews thinking they were gummies. How would her body respond?

A. it is composed of osteons
Compact bone is made up of osteons (Haversian systems), each with a central canal and concentric lamellae.

B. it contains concentric and circumferential lamellae
Concentric lamellae are within osteons; circumferential lamellae line the outer and inner surfaces of compact bone.

C. it has very little air space compared to cancellous
Compact bone is dense with few spaces, unlike spongy (cancellous) bone, which has many air spaces.

D. the matrix is composed of trabeculae
Trabeculae are found in spongy (cancellous) bone, not compact bone. Compact bone has a solid matrix organized into osteons, not trabecular structures.

A. osteoporosis
This is a condition of reduced bone mass, often due to calcium/Vitamin D deficiency or hormonal imbalance-not defective collagen.

B. osteogenesis imperfecta
Known as “brittle bone disease”, osteogenesis imperfecta is a genetic disorder caused by defective or insufficient type I collagen, leading to fragile bones.

C. osteomalacia
Caused by Vitamin D deficiency, leading to soft bones due to defective mineralization, not collagen defects.

D. osteoarthritis
Degeneration of articular cartilage due to aging or wear-and-tear, not a collagen production issue.

E. osteopetrosis
A bone resorption disorder due to defective osteoclasts, resulting in abnormally dense but brittle bones-not due to collagen abnormalities.

F. fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva
A rare genetic disorder in which soft tissue gradually turns into bone, unrelated to collagen production.