Mary took a whole jar of calcium chews thinking they were gummies. How would her body respond?
parathyroid hormone is released, decreasing osteoclast activity
calcitonin hormone is released, increasing osteoclast activity
parathyroid hormone is released, increasing osteoclast activity
calcitonin hormone is released, decreasing osteoclast activity
The Correct Answer is D
A. parathyroid hormone is released, decreasing osteoclast activity
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is released when calcium levels are low, not high. Also, PTH increases, not decreases, osteoclast activity to raise serum calcium.
B. calcitonin hormone is released, increasing osteoclast activity
Calcitonin is released during high calcium levels, but it works to decrease osteoclast activity, not increase it.
C. parathyroid hormone is released, increasing osteoclast activity
This would occur in response to low calcium, which is not the case here. Mary has excess calcium.
D. calcitonin hormone is released, decreasing osteoclast activity
With elevated calcium levels, the thyroid gland releases calcitonin, which works to inhibit osteoclasts to reduce calcium release from bone, helping to restore balance.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. transitional epithelium - specialized for stretch: This is correctly matched. Transitional epithelium lines the urinary bladder and stretches to accommodate urine volume changes.
B. pseudostratified epithelium - multiple layers for protection: This is mismatched. Pseudostratified epithelium appears to have multiple layers due to nuclei at different levels, but all cells touch the basement membrane, so it is a single layer and not primarily for protection.
C. simple cuboidal - found in kidneys, glands, liver: Correctly matched. Simple cuboidal epithelium is commonly found in these organs and is involved in secretion and absorption.
D. keratinized stratified squamous - epidermis of skin: Correctly matched. This type of epithelium forms the outer layer of skin and provides protection against abrasion and water loss.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. in the medullary cavity of a long bone
In adults, the medullary cavity contains yellow marrow, not red marrow.
B. in the epiphysis of a flat bone
Flat bones (e.g., skull) don’t have epiphyses. This answer is anatomically inaccurate.
C. in the medullary cavity of a flat bone
Flat bones don’t have a true medullary cavity. Red marrow is found in their spongy bone, not in a central cavity.
D. in the epiphysis of a long bone
Red marrow in adults is found in the spongy bone of the epiphyses of long bones and in flat bones like the sternum and pelvis.
E. in the epiphyseal plate of a long bone
The epiphyseal plate is made of cartilage, not marrow. It is involved in growth, not hematopoiesis.
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