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Mary took a whole jar of calcium chews thinking they were gummies. How would her body respond?

A.

parathyroid hormone is released, decreasing osteoclast activity

B.

calcitonin hormone is released, increasing osteoclast activity

C.

parathyroid hormone is released, increasing osteoclast activity

D.

calcitonin hormone is released, decreasing osteoclast activity

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. parathyroid hormone is released, decreasing osteoclast activity
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is released when calcium levels are low, not high. Also, PTH increases, not decreases, osteoclast activity to raise serum calcium.

B. calcitonin hormone is released, increasing osteoclast activity
Calcitonin is released during high calcium levels, but it works to decrease osteoclast activity, not increase it.

C. parathyroid hormone is released, increasing osteoclast activity
This would occur in response to low calcium, which is not the case here. Mary has excess calcium.

D. calcitonin hormone is released, decreasing osteoclast activity
 With elevated calcium levels, the thyroid gland releases calcitonin, which works to inhibit osteoclasts to reduce calcium release from bone, helping to restore balance.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. hemidesmosomes: These anchor epithelial cells to the basement membrane, not for communication.

B. desmosomes: Desmosomes are responsible for mechanical adhesion between cells, providing strength but not facilitating communication.

C. gap junctions: These allow ions and small molecules to pass directly from one cell to another, enabling rapid cell-to-cell communication, especially in cardiac and smooth muscle.

D. tight junctions: These seal adjacent cells together to prevent leakage of substances between them, rather than enabling communication.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. neutrophils and macrophages are summoned to the area
This is an early step in the inflammatory phase to remove pathogens and debris.

B. blood fills the wound and a clot is formed
This occurs immediately after injury to stop bleeding and initiate repair.

C. granulation tissue is converted into connective tissue
This is part of the remodeling phase-the final stage-where the new tissue is matured and replaced with stronger connective tissue.

D. fibroblasts move in from surrounding connective tissue
This occurs during the proliferative phase, earlier than the final remodeling phase.

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