Which of the following is the primary method used during a scoliosis screening to detect abnormal spinal curvature?
Phalen's Maneuver.
Romberg Test.
Adam's Forward Bend Test.
Lasegue's Sign Test.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Phalen's Maneuver is a diagnostic test used to assess for carpal tunnel syndrome. It involves sustained wrist flexion, which increases pressure within the carpal tunnel, exacerbating median nerve compression symptoms such as tingling and numbness in the hand. This test is unrelated to spinal curvature assessment.
Choice B rationale
The Romberg Test evaluates proprioception and cerebellar function, assessing a person's ability to maintain balance with eyes closed. It helps identify neurological deficits affecting balance and coordination but does not involve direct assessment of spinal alignment or curvature, thus it is not used for scoliosis screening.
Choice C rationale
Adam's Forward Bend Test is the primary method used during scoliosis screening. It involves the individual bending forward at the waist with feet together and arms hanging loosely. This position makes any asymmetry or prominence of the ribs or spine more visible, indicating a potential spinal curvature.
Choice D rationale
Lasegue's Sign Test, also known as the Straight Leg Raise Test, is used to detect nerve root irritation, typically associated with sciatica or herniated lumbar discs. It involves passively raising the straightened leg of a supine patient to elicit pain, indicating nerve compression. This test is not for scoliosis screening.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is E
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Living in a women's shelter indicates a lack of stable housing, which can be a significant psychosocial stressor. Chronic stress during pregnancy can elevate cortisol levels, potentially impacting fetal development and increasing the risk of preterm birth or low birth weight. Resource scarcity might also limit access to adequate nutrition and consistent prenatal care, both vital for healthy pregnancy outcomes.
Choice B rationale
Unemployment can lead to financial strain, contributing to increased stress and anxiety. This economic insecurity may hinder access to nutritious food, adequate housing, and transportation to prenatal appointments. Chronic psychosocial stress can trigger physiological responses like increased heart rate and blood pressure, potentially impacting maternal and fetal well-being throughout gestation.
Choice C rationale
Being 25 years of age is generally considered within the optimal reproductive age range. Biologically, women in this age group typically have lower risks of chromosomal abnormalities, gestational hypertension, and gestational diabetes compared to adolescents or women of advanced maternal age. This demographic often experiences fewer pregnancy-related complications due to mature physiological systems.
Choice D rationale
White non-Hispanic race does not inherently increase the risk of pregnancy complications. While racial disparities exist in healthcare outcomes, these are primarily attributed to socioeconomic factors, systemic biases, and access to quality care rather than biological predisposition based on race itself. This demographic factor alone is not a direct physiological risk.
Choice E rationale
A history of depression is a significant risk factor for pregnancy complications. Untreated or poorly managed depression can lead to poor self-care, including inadequate nutrition and non-adherence to prenatal care. Furthermore, peripartum depression can recur or worsen, impacting maternal-infant bonding and potentially leading to adverse developmental outcomes for the child due to altered neurochemical environments.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
A fundus that is deviated to the right, boggy, and 2 cm above the umbilicus suggests a distended bladder is displacing the uterus, preventing it from contracting effectively. A full bladder inhibits uterine involution by impeding the muscle fibers from compressing blood vessels, leading to uterine atony and increasing the risk of postpartum hemorrhage. Normal bladder capacity is 300-500 mL.
Choice B rationale
Obtaining a stat hemoglobin level is not the immediate priority. While a boggy uterus can indicate blood loss, the primary issue here is likely bladder distension causing uterine atony. Addressing the cause of the uterine displacement (bladder distension) takes precedence over assessing the degree of blood loss, which would be a secondary consequence. A normal hemoglobin for a woman is typically 12.0 to 15.5 grams per deciliter.
Choice C rationale
Administering methylergometrine is not the first action. Methylergometrine is a uterotonic agent used to promote uterine contractions and prevent postpartum hemorrhage. However, if the uterus is displaced by a full bladder, the medication's effectiveness will be significantly reduced until the bladder is emptied. Treating the underlying cause is crucial before administering uterotonics.
Choice D rationale
Inserting an indwelling urinary catheter is a more invasive intervention than assisting the client to void. While a catheter might be necessary if the client cannot void independently, the initial and least invasive action should always be to encourage spontaneous urination. Catheterization carries risks of urinary tract infection and discomfort, so it's not the first-line intervention.
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