Which of the following is the primary role of B cells during the humoral immune response?
Recognizing antigens presented by macrophages.
Producing antibodies against pathogens.
Directly attacking and killing infected cells.
Regulating the immune response to prevent excessive inflammation.
The Correct Answer is B
Explanation: The primary role of B cells during the humoral immune response is to produce antibodies against specific antigens on pathogens. When B cells encounter an antigen that matches their specific receptor, they become activated and differentiate into plasma cells, which then secrete large amounts of antibodies into the bloodstream.
Incorrect choices:
a. Antigen presentation to B cells is carried out by antigen-presenting cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells, not by B cells themselves.
c. Directly attacking and killing infected cells is the role of cytotoxic T cells during cell-mediated immunity, not B cells during the humoral immune response.
d. The regulation of the immune response is mainly the function of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and other immune regulatory mechanisms, not the primary role of B cells.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Explanation: The immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to identify and respond to foreign substances in the body, including bacteria, viruses, parasites, and toxins. Its primary function is to protect the body from infections and other harmful substances.
Incorrect choices:
a. The regulation of body temperature and blood pressure is primarily controlled by the nervous and endocrine systems, not the immune system.
b. Digestion and absorption of nutrients from food are processes mainly controlled by the digestive system, not the immune system.
d. The production of hormones that control bodily functions is primarily the responsibility of the endocrine system, not the immune system.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Explanation: During cell-mediated immunity, T cells recognize antigens that are presented by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as macrophages. Macrophages engulf and process pathogens, and then they display fragments of the pathogens' antigens on their cell surface using major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. T cells, specifically helper T cells, interact with these antigen-presenting macrophages and become activated to initiate immune responses.
Incorrect choices:
b. B cells present antigens to helper T cells during the humoral immune response, not during cell-mediated immunity.
c. Plasma cells are not involved in antigen presentation; they are terminally differentiated B cells that produce antibodies during the humoral immune response.
d. Memory cells are formed after the immune system encounters an antigen and are not directly involved in antigen presentation.
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