Which of the following is the primary role of B cells during the humoral immune response?
Recognizing antigens presented by macrophages.
Producing antibodies against pathogens.
Directly attacking and killing infected cells.
Regulating the immune response to prevent excessive inflammation.
The Correct Answer is B
Explanation: The primary role of B cells during the humoral immune response is to produce antibodies against specific antigens on pathogens. When B cells encounter an antigen that matches their specific receptor, they become activated and differentiate into plasma cells, which then secrete large amounts of antibodies into the bloodstream.
Incorrect choices:
a. Antigen presentation to B cells is carried out by antigen-presenting cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells, not by B cells themselves.
c. Directly attacking and killing infected cells is the role of cytotoxic T cells during cell-mediated immunity, not B cells during the humoral immune response.
d. The regulation of the immune response is mainly the function of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and other immune regulatory mechanisms, not the primary role of B cells.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Explanation: Todirectly destroy pathogens and infected cells. Antibodies are Y-shaped proteins produced by B cells in response to a specific pathogen. They bind to the surface of the pathogen and mark it for destruction by other components of the immune system or directly neutralize the pathogen.
Incorrect choices:
b. While antibodies can attract white blood cells to the site of infection, their primary role is not to do so but rather to directly target and neutralize pathogens.
c. Antibodies do not produce hormones but are part of the humoral immune response, which involves the production of antibodies to fight off infections.
d. Antibodies do not play a role in maintaining body temperature during infections; instead, fever is a response triggered by the release of certain chemicals called pyrogens during infections.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Explanation: Passive immunity. Passive immunity is acquired when preformed antibodies are transferred from one individual to another. In this case, the mother's antibodies are transferred to her baby through breast milk, providing temporary protection against certain infections.
Incorrect choices:
a. Active immunity is acquired when the immune system is exposed to a pathogen or vaccination, leading to the production of memory cells and long-term protection.
b. Innate immunity is the body's first line of defense against infections and is not transferred from the mother to the baby but rather present from birth.
c. Adaptive immunity is another term for acquired immunity and involves the production of memory cells after exposure to a specific pathogen or vaccination. It is not transferred through breast milk.
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