Which of the following manifestations are commonly seen in an end stage renal disease patient with fluid overload?
Hypotension
Polyuria
Weight loss
Edema
The Correct Answer is D
A. Hypotension: Fluid overload typically causes hypertension, not hypotension.
B. Polyuria: ESRD patients typically have oliguria or anuria, not excessive urine output.
C. Weight loss: Fluid overload leads to weight gain due to fluid retention.
D. Edema: Fluid overload causes peripheral and pulmonary edema due to impaired kidney function. Clients may also experience hypertension, dyspnea, and crackles.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Respiratory Alkalosis: Would have high pH (>7.45) and low PaCO2 (<35 mmHg).
B. Metabolic Acidosis: Would have low pH and low HCO3 (<22 mEq/L).
C. Metabolic Alkalosis: Would have high pH and high HCO3 (>26 mEq/L).
D. Respiratory Acidosis: A low pH (<7.35) and high PaCO2 (>45 mmHg) indicate respiratory acidosis, which occurs due to hypoventilation, COPD, or respiratory failure. The bicarbonate (HCO3) is normal, meaning there is no metabolic compensation yet.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Assess the fistula with a large bore needle: Large bore needles are used during dialysis sessions, not for routine assessment. Inappropriate needling can damage the fistula.
B. Auscultate the fistula site for a bruit: A functional AV fistula should have a palpable thrill (vibration) and an audible bruit (whooshing sound) when auscultated with a stethoscope. These findings confirm adequate blood flow and patency.
C. Measure the blood pressure in the affected arm: Blood pressure measurements should never be taken on the fistula arm to prevent compression and potential fistula failure.
D. Assess the rate and quality of the radial pulse on the affected arm: The radial pulse does not accurately assess AV fistula patency; the focus should be on the thrill and bruit.
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