A client is in a motor vehicle accident with severe thoracic trauma. Which acid-base imbalance is most likely to develop?
Respiratory Alkalosis
Metabolic Acidosis
Metabolic Alkalosis
Respiratory Acidosis
The Correct Answer is D
A. Respiratory Alkalosis: Alkalosis results from hyperventilation, which is not expected with thoracic trauma.
B. Metabolic Acidosis: Metabolic acidosis occurs due to renal failure, lactic acidosis, or diarrhea, not thoracic trauma.
C. Metabolic Alkalosis: Alkalosis can result from vomiting or excessive bicarbonate intake, not respiratory failure.
D. Respiratory Acidosis: Severe thoracic trauma can impair lung expansion, leading to hypoventilation and CO₂ retention, causing respiratory acidosis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. ST depression: ST depression is associated with hypokalemia or ischemia.
B. Tall peaked T waves: Hyperkalemia (K+ > 5.0 mEq/L) causes tall, peaked T waves due to abnormal repolarization. Severe hyperkalemia (>6.5 mEq/L) can lead to cardiac arrest.
C. Prolonged ST segment: Not a characteristic of hyperkalemia.
D. Prominent U wave: A U wave is seen in hypokalemia, not hyperkalemia.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. "We'll find out if any medications, such as steroids, are interfering with your kidney function." Some medications affect kidney function, but creatinine primarily measures kidney efficiency, not drug interactions.
B. "This test will tell your doctor how your kidneys are functioning." Serum creatinine is a key indicator of kidney function. It measures how well the kidneys are filtering waste products.
C. "This test will tell if you have severe renal impairment or disease." Creatinine can be elevated in mild, moderate, or severe kidney dysfunction, not just in severe disease.
D. "You'll have to ask your doctor." The nurse should provide basic health education to the client.
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