A client is in a motor vehicle accident with severe thoracic trauma. Which acid-base imbalance is most likely to develop?
Respiratory Alkalosis
Metabolic Acidosis
Metabolic Alkalosis
Respiratory Acidosis
The Correct Answer is D
A. Respiratory Alkalosis: Alkalosis results from hyperventilation, which is not expected with thoracic trauma.
B. Metabolic Acidosis: Metabolic acidosis occurs due to renal failure, lactic acidosis, or diarrhea, not thoracic trauma.
C. Metabolic Alkalosis: Alkalosis can result from vomiting or excessive bicarbonate intake, not respiratory failure.
D. Respiratory Acidosis: Severe thoracic trauma can impair lung expansion, leading to hypoventilation and CO₂ retention, causing respiratory acidosis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Serum potassium 4.8 mmol/L: This is a normal potassium level (3.5–5.0 mmol/L) and indicates successful treatment.
B. Serum glucose 58 mg/dL: IV insulin drives potassium into cells, lowering serum potassium. However, insulin also lowers blood glucose, which can lead to hypoglycemia (glucose <70 mg/dL). Hypoglycemia is the primary adverse effect of IV insulin therapy.
C. Serum sodium 138 mEq/L: This is a normal sodium level (135–145 mEq/L) and not an adverse effect.
D. Calcium level of 100 mg: Calcium is not directly affected by IV insulin therapy.
Correct Answer is ["1370"]
Explanation
To calculate total output, we sum all recorded outputs:
- Urine output:
- 400 mL + 350 mL = 750 mL
- Chest tube drainage:
- 175 mL (current) - 155 mL (previous) = 20 mL
- Nasogastric tube drainage: 575 mL
- Jackson-Pratt drain output: 25 mL
Total Output = 750 + 20 + 575 + 25 = 1,370 mL
Correct Answer: 1,370 mL
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