What happens when a hypertonic IV solution is administered to a client?

Fluid will be pushed in the interstitial spaces

Fluid will be pulled out of the cells and into the blood stream.

Fluid will be pushed out of the blood stream into the extravascular spaces.

Fluid will be pulled out of the bloodstream into the cells

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Fluid will be pushed into the interstitial spaces. Hypertonic solutions draw water into the bloodstream, not into tissues.

B. Fluid will be pulled out of the cells and into the bloodstream: Hypertonic solutions (e.g., 3% NaCl, D10W) have a higher osmolarity than blood plasma. This pulls fluid from cells into the intravascular space, causing cell shrinkage and increasing blood volume.

C. Fluid will be pushed out of the bloodstream into extravascular spaces. This describes a hypotonic solution’s effect.

D. Fluid will be pulled out of the bloodstream into the cells. This describes an isotonic or hypotonic effect.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Decreases the chance of peptic ulcer formation: Calcium carbonate is not an antiulcer medication.

B. Prevents constipation: Calcium carbonate can cause constipation, not prevent it.

C. Increases the tubular excretion of potassium: Calcium carbonate does not directly affect potassium excretion.

D. To lower phosphorus levels: Calcium carbonate is a phosphate binder that reduces phosphorus absorption from food. In chronic renal failure, phosphorus builds up due to decreased kidney excretion, leading to secondary hyperparathyroidism and bone disease (renal osteodystrophy).

A. “This is called a thrill and it means that your fistulas not working.” B. "This is not a normal sign will call your provider right away.” C. "This is called a bruit and it shows that your fistula patent." D. “This is called a thrill and it means that your fistula is patent.”

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. “This is called a thrill and it means that your fistula is not working.” A thrill is a normal finding and means the fistula is functioning properly.

B. "This is not a normal sign; we will call your provider right away.” A lack of thrill is abnormal, not the presence of one.

C. "This is called a bruit and it shows that your fistula is patent." The thrill is felt and the bruit is heard.

D. "This is called a thrill and it means that your fistula is patent." A thrill (vibration) is a normal finding in an AV fistula and indicates adequate blood flow. A bruit (whooshing sound) is heard on auscultation and also confirms patency.

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What happens when a hypertonic IV solution is administered to a client?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

What is the rational for administering calcium carbonate to a client with chronic renal failure?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is providing education to the client with a new arteriovenous fistula and the client asks "when I touch my fistula feel it vibrate, what does that mean? What statement by the nurse is the correct way to answer the client's question?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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