Which of the following patients is most likely experiencing Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Syndrome based on their symptoms?
A 6 year old that is presenting with polyuria, polydipsia, abdominal pain, and vomiting
A 66 year old with type I diabetes that has ketones present in their urine.
A 72 year old with a health history of diabetes who has a blood glucose of 300 mg/dL and is complaining of thirst and frequent urination.
A 69 year old admitted with an infection of the right foot with a health history of diabetes that reports missing several doses of Metformin and has a blood glucose of 600 mg/dL.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale: This may indicate a different condition such as gastroenteritis rather than Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Syndrome (HHNS).
Choice B rationale: This is more indicative of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) rather than HHNS.
Choice C rationale: A 72-year-old with a history of diabetes, elevated blood glucose, and complaints of thirst and frequent urination might have uncontrolled diabetes, but the absence of severe hyperglycemia and other symptoms specific to HHNS makes this choice less likely.
Choice D rationale: This fits the criteria for HHNS. The infection, missed medication, and extremely high blood glucose levels suggest the possibility of Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Syndrome.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale: Not a typical characteristic of Crohn's disease; more associated with conditions like rectal fistulas.
Choice B rationale: Crohn's disease commonly involves diarrhea rather than chronic constipation.
Choice C rationale: A common symptom of Crohn's disease due to inflammation and malabsorption in the intestines.
Choice D rationale: Crohn's disease typically presents with diarrhea but not necessarily alternating with constipation. Constipation alternating with diarrhea may also occur in irritable bowel syndrome.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale: HPV is a sexually transmitted infection but must not necessarily be reported to the public health department.
Choice B rationale: Genital herpes should not be reported to the public health department.
Choice C rationale: Gonorrhea is a reportable disease, meaning that health care providers must notify the public health department of any confirmed cases. This helps to prevent the spread of the infection and provide treatment and counseling to the affected individuals and their partners.
Choice D rationale: Infectious mononucleosis should not be reported to the public health department.
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