Which of the following statements about pyelonephritis in pregnancy is correct?
Pyelonephritis in pregnancy does not pose any risks to the fetus.
Untreated pyelonephritis in pregnancy can increase the risk of preterm labor and low birth weight.
Pyelonephritis is a common condition during pregnancy.
Pyelonephritis is a mild infection that does not require treatment.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Pyelonephritis in pregnancy does not pose any risks to the fetus. Pyelonephritis can lead to complications such as preterm labor, low birth weight, and maternal sepsis, making this statement incorrect.
B. Untreated pyelonephritis in pregnancy can increase the risk of preterm labor and low birth weight. Pyelonephritis can cause systemic inflammation, leading to complications such as preterm labor and fetal growth restriction. Prompt treatment is necessary to reduce these risks.
C. Pyelonephritis is a common condition during pregnancy. While urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in pregnancy, pyelonephritis (kidney infection) is less frequent but more serious.
D. Pyelonephritis is a mild infection that does not require treatment. Pyelonephritis is a serious condition that requires immediate antibiotic therapy to prevent maternal and fetal complications.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Continuous fetal monitoring. Clients with severe preeclampsia are at high risk for placental insufficiency and fetal distress, making continuous fetal monitoring necessary.
B. Assess deep tendon reflexes every hour. Deep tendon reflexes (DTRs) are monitored closely in preeclampsia to assess for hyperreflexia, which may indicate worsening condition or impending eclampsia.
C. Ambulate twice daily. Ambulation is not recommended for severe preeclampsia due to the risk of seizures, hypertensive crisis, and placental abruption. Clients are typically on bed rest with seizure precautions.
D. Obtain a daily weight.: Daily weight monitoring helps track fluid retention and worsening edema, which are important indicators of disease progression in preeclampsia.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Increase the client's IV fluid infusion rate. While increasing IV fluids can improve placental perfusion, the priority intervention for late decelerations is repositioning the client to relieve uteroplacental insufficiency.
B. Palpate the client's uterus. Uterine palpation helps assess for tachysystole (excessive contractions), which could contribute to late decelerations. However, this is not the priority intervention.
C. Administer oxygen to the client. Oxygen administration (8-10 L/min via face mask) improves fetal oxygenation, but repositioning the client should be done first to relieve pressure on the placenta.
D. Turn the client onto her side. Repositioning the client to the left or right lateral position improves uteroplacental circulation and reduces compression of the inferior vena cava, increasing blood flow to the fetus.
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