Which of the following statements accurately describes a characteristic of the newborn immune system?

Newborns are born with fully developed immune responses capable of independently fighting infections from birth.

Newborns have a mature gut microbiome that supports their immune system immediately after birth.

Newborns rely solely on their innate immune system without any contribution from maternal antibodies.

Newborns receive passive immunity through the placenta and colostrum, but their own immune system is not fully functional until several months of age.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale

Newborns are not born with fully developed immune responses. Their immune system is immature and continues to develop after birth. They rely on maternal antibodies for initial protection.

Choice B rationale

Newborns do not have a mature gut microbiome immediately after birth. The gut microbiome develops over time and is influenced by factors such as breastfeeding and exposure to the environment.

Choice C rationale

Newborns do not rely solely on their innate immune system. They receive passive immunity from maternal antibodies transferred through the placenta and colostrum, which provides initial protection against infections.

Choice D rationale

Newborns receive passive immunity through the placenta and colostrum, but their own immune system is not fully functional until several months of age. This passive immunity helps protect them from infections during the early months of life.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Hyperbilirubinemia, or high levels of bilirubin in the blood, can occur in newborns of diabetic mothers due to increased red blood cell breakdown. However, it is not the primary concern immediately after birth. The priority is to address conditions that can cause immediate harm, such as hypoglycemia.

Choice B rationale

Hypomagnesemia, or low magnesium levels, can occur in newborns of diabetic mothers, but it is not the most critical issue. Magnesium levels can be monitored and corrected if necessary, but hypoglycemia poses a more immediate threat to the newborn’s health.

Choice C rationale

Hypocalcemia, or low calcium levels, can also occur in newborns of diabetic mothers. While it is important to monitor and manage calcium levels, hypoglycemia is a more urgent concern because it can lead to severe complications if not addressed promptly.

Choice D rationale

Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar levels, is the most critical concern for newborns of diabetic mothers. These newborns are at high risk for hypoglycemia due to the high levels of insulin they produce in response to their mother’s elevated blood glucose levels during pregnancy. Hypoglycemia can cause serious complications, including seizures and brain damage, if not treated immediately.

A. Shivering. B. Cold stress. C. Brown fat production. D. Basal metabolic rate reduction.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Shivering is not a primary concern for newborns as they have limited ability to shiver. Instead, they rely on non-shivering thermogenesis to maintain body temperature.

Choice B rationale

Cold stress is a significant concern for newborns as it can lead to hypothermia, increased oxygen consumption, and metabolic acidosis. Placing a newborn under a radiant heat warmer helps maintain their body temperature and prevent cold stress.

Choice C rationale

Brown fat production is a natural process in newborns that helps generate heat. However, the primary purpose of using a radiant heat warmer is to prevent cold stress, not to stimulate brown fat production.

Choice D rationale

Basal metabolic rate reduction is not the primary concern. The focus is on preventing cold stress and maintaining the newborn’s body temperature.

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Which of the following statements accurately describes a characteristic of the newborn immune system?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a newborn whose mother has diabetes mellitus.The nurse should recognize which of the following potential newborn complications as the priority focus of care?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse places a newborn under a radiant heat warmer after birth.The purpose of this action is to prevent which of the following in the newborn?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Which of the following statements accurately describes a characteristic of the newborn immune system?

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