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Which of the following triggers the pancreas to secrete insulin?

A.

Hypoglycemia

B.

Hyperglycemia

C.

Glucagon

D.

Ketoacids

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale
 
Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, does not trigger the pancreas to secrete insulin. In fact, it’s the opposite. When blood sugar levels are low, the pancreas secretes glucagon, a hormone that signals the liver to release stored glucose into the bloodstream.
Choice B rationale
Hyperglycemia, or high blood sugar, is the primary trigger for the pancreas to secrete insulin. Insulin is a hormone that helps move glucose from the blood into the cells where it can be used for energy. When blood glucose levels rise, such as after a meal, the pancreas releases more insulin.
Choice C rationale
Glucagon is a hormone produced by the pancreas that works with insulin to control blood sugar levels. However, it does not trigger the pancreas to secrete insulin. Instead, glucagon acts when blood sugar levels are low, signaling the liver to release stored glucose into the bloodstream.
Choice D rationale
Ketoacids, or ketones, are substances made when the body breaks down fat for energy. The production of ketones is usually a sign that the body is not getting enough glucose for energy. However, they do not trigger the pancreas to secrete insulin.
 


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Antidepressants are a class of medications used to treat depression and other mood disorders, not primarily for their sedative and anti-seizure effects.
Choice B rationale
Anxiolytics are medications that inhibit anxiety. They are used to treat anxiety disorders and relieve short-term anxiety symptoms. While some anxiolytics do have sedative effects, they are not derived from barbituric acid.
Choice C rationale

Barbiturates are a class of drugs derived from barbituric acid that act as depressants to the central nervous system. These drugs are used as sedatives or anesthetics and have the potential to become addictive.
Choice D rationale
Benzodiazepines are a class of psychoactive drugs used to treat a range of conditions, including anxiety and insomnia. They are known for their sedative and anxiolytic effects. However, they are not derived from barbituric acid.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale
The patient with a pre-meal glucose level of 90 mg/dL, scheduled to receive 10 units of NPH, is not in immediate need of insulin. NPH is an intermediate-acting insulin, and a glucose level of 90 mg/dL is within the normal range.
Choice B rationale

The patient with a pre-meal glucose level of 70 mg/dL, scheduled to receive 2 units of aspart (Novolog) insulin, is not in immediate need of insulin. A glucose level of 70 mg/dL is at the lower end of the normal range, and aspart is a rapid-acting insulin.
Choice C rationale
The patient with a pre-meal glucose level of 120 mg/dL, scheduled to receive 15 units of NPH, is not in immediate need of insulin. A glucose level of 120 mg/dL is slightly elevated, but NPH is an intermediate-acting insulin.
Choice D rationale
The patient with a pre-meal glucose level of 170 mg/dL, scheduled to receive 5 units of lispro (Humalog) insulin, should receive insulin first. A glucose level of 170 mg/dL is significantly elevated, and lispro is a rapid-acting insulin, making it the most appropriate choice for immediate administration.

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