Which personality disorder is characterized by a pervasive pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and a lack of empathy?

Borderline

Schizoid

Narcissistic

Histrionic

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Borderline: Borderline personality disorder is associated with unstable mood, intense fear of abandonment, impulsivity, and self-destructive behaviors. While these clients may struggle with relationships, they do not exhibit grandiosity or an excessive need for admiration.

B. Schizoid: Schizoid personality disorder involves emotional detachment, preference for solitary activities, and limited expression of emotions. Clients with this disorder avoid social interactions but do not display traits of grandiosity or admiration-seeking.

C. Narcissistic: Narcissistic personality disorder is characterized by an inflated sense of self-importance, constant need for admiration, and lack of empathy toward others. These clients often exploit relationships for personal gain and require recognition to maintain self-esteem.

D. Histrionic: Histrionic personality disorder is marked by excessive emotionality, attention-seeking behavior, and dramatic expression. While they crave approval, they do not exhibit the pervasive grandiosity and lack of empathy that define narcissistic personality disorder.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Symmetrical chest expansion: In a tension pneumothorax, chest expansion is usually asymmetrical because air trapped in the pleural space prevents full lung expansion on the affected side. Symmetrical movement would not be expected in this condition.

B. Tracheal deviation away from the affected side: This is a hallmark sign of tension pneumothorax. As intrapleural pressure increases, the mediastinum shifts, pushing the trachea and other structures toward the unaffected side, which is a medical emergency requiring immediate intervention.

C. Increased breath sounds on the affected side: Breath sounds are typically absent or markedly diminished over the affected lung due to lung collapse. Increased breath sounds would not occur in the presence of trapped air compressing the lung.

D. Hyperresonance to percussion on the affected side: Hyperresonance can occur with a simple pneumothorax due to excess air in the pleural cavity. However, while present, it is not as specific or critical as tracheal deviation, which directly indicates a tension pneumothorax.

A. Ask the patient to participate in family therapy sessions to improve communication B. Provide a structured environment with clear, simple instructions for daily tasks C. Encourage the patient to engage in group therapy to improve social skills D. Administer antipsychotic medication as prescribed to reduce

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Ask the patient to participate in family therapy sessions to improve communication: Family therapy can help reduce stressors and improve relationships, but it is not the most immediate intervention for disorganized speech and impaired functioning.

B. Provide a structured environment with clear, simple instructions for daily tasks: Clients with disorganized thinking benefit from predictability and step-by-step guidance. A structured environment reduces confusion, enhances safety, and helps the patient successfully complete activities of daily living.

C. Encourage the patient to engage in group therapy to improve social skills: Group therapy can be beneficial once the client’s thought processes and functioning are more stabilized. However, in the presence of severe disorganization, participation in group settings may increase frustration and confusion rather than support progress.

D. Administer antipsychotic medication as prescribed to reduce symptoms: Medication is essential for reducing psychotic symptoms, but psychosocial interventions such as structure and clear instructions directly improve functioning.

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Which personality disorder is characterized by a pervasive pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and a lack of empathy?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which assessment finding indicates a tension pneumothorax, a complication of untreated pneumothorax?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with schizophrenia. The patient is exhibiting disorganized speech, incoherent thoughts, and an inability to perform activities of daily living. Which of the following interventions would be most appropriate to improve the patient's functioning?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

When working with a client with a personality disorder, the nurse would expect to find:

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