Which problem should the nurse anticipate for a patient admitted to the hospital with diabetes insipidus?
Fluid volume overload
Hyperglycemia
Nocturia
Generalized edema
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Fluid volume overload is not typically associated with diabetes insipidus. Instead, patients with diabetes insipidus often experience fluid volume deficit due to excessive urine output.
Choice B reason: Hyperglycemia is not a characteristic problem of diabetes insipidus. This condition involves an imbalance in water regulation due to insufficient production or response to antidiuretic hormone (ADH), rather than issues related to blood glucose levels.
Choice C reason: Nocturia, or frequent urination at night, is a common problem in diabetes insipidus. Patients with this condition produce large amounts of dilute urine, which can lead to frequent nighttime urination.
Choice D reason: Generalized edema is not a typical problem in diabetes insipidus. Edema is more commonly associated with conditions involving fluid retention, such as heart failure or kidney disease, rather than the excessive fluid loss seen in diabetes insipidus.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Increased blood pressure is a common physiological response to pain. When a person experiences pain, the body's sympathetic nervous system is activated, causing an increase in heart rate and blood pressure. This response is part of the body's fight-or-flight mechanism, intended to help cope with the stressful situation.
Choice B reason: Increased respiratory rate is another sign of unrelieved pain. Pain can lead to rapid, shallow breathing as the body reacts to the discomfort. This response can help deliver more oxygen to tissues during times of stress but can also contribute to feelings of anxiety and fatigue if it continues over a prolonged period.
Choice C reason: Increased heart rate is a typical response to pain. Just like increased blood pressure, the heart rate rises as part of the body's sympathetic response to pain, which prepares the body to either confront or escape the source of pain. Monitoring heart rate can therefore provide critical information about the patient's pain levels and overall physiological state.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: A hemoglobin level of 12.0 g/dL is slightly below the normal range for men but is not the most critical concern preoperatively. It indicates mild anemia, which should be monitored but does not present an immediate high risk.
Choice B reason: A serum creatinine level of 1.3 mg/dL is slightly elevated and indicates mild renal impairment. While this should be considered, it is not as immediately concerning as a significantly abnormal coagulation value.
Choice C reason: A Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) level of 24 mg/dL is slightly above normal, indicating some renal function impairment or dehydration. However, it does not pose the most significant immediate risk compared to a high INR value.
Choice D reason: An INR of 3.5 is significantly elevated and indicates a high risk of bleeding. For a surgical patient, this is the most concerning pre-op lab value because it suggests that the patient's blood is not clotting properly. This increases the risk of excessive bleeding during and after surgery, making it a priority to address before proceeding with the operation.
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