Which sign is typically noticed first in patients with Parkinson disease (PD)?

Tremor.

Postural instability.

Rigidity.

Bradykinesia.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: Tremor, often unilateral and resting, is typically the first sign noticed in Parkinson disease, preceding other symptoms. This aligns with neurological assessment, making it the correct sign the nurse would recognize as the initial manifestation in patients with early PD.

Choice B reason: Postural instability appears later in Parkinson disease, not first, as tremor typically precedes it. This is incorrect, as it doesn’t match the nurse’s expectation of the earliest sign, which is usually the characteristic resting tremor in PD.

Choice C reason: Rigidity develops after tremor in Parkinson disease, not as the first sign. Tremor is noticed initially, making this incorrect, as it misidentifies the sequence of symptoms the nurse would expect in the early stages of Parkinson disease.

Choice D reason: Bradykinesia occurs early but is less noticeable than tremor, which patients typically report first. This is incorrect, as it’s not the primary initial sign the nurse would recognize compared to the more prominent resting tremor in Parkinson disease.

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Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Bronzed skin is typical of Addison’s disease, not Cushing syndrome, which causes striae and moon face. Hyperglycemia is expected, making this incorrect, as it’s unrelated to the nurse’s anticipated findings in a patient with Cushing syndrome.

Choice B reason: Purplish streaks (striae) on the abdomen result from cortisol excess in Cushing syndrome, weakening skin tissue. This aligns with endocrine assessment, making it a correct finding the nurse would expect during the patient’s physical examination.

Choice C reason: Anorexia, nausea, and vomiting are more common in Addison’s disease, not Cushing syndrome, which causes weight gain. Striae are typical, making this incorrect, as it’s not a primary finding the nurse would expect in Cushing syndrome.

Choice D reason: Hyperglycemia occurs in Cushing syndrome due to cortisol-induced insulin resistance, a common metabolic effect. This aligns with laboratory assessment, making it a correct finding the nurse would anticipate in the patient with Cushing syndrome.

Choice E reason: Truncal obesity, thin extremities, and moon face are classic Cushing syndrome signs from fat redistribution due to hypercortisolism. This aligns with physical assessment, making it a correct finding the nurse would expect in the patient’s evaluation.

A. Detemir (Levemir). B. Lispro (Humalog). C. Glargine (Lantus). D. NPH (Humulin N).

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Detemir is a long-acting insulin for basal coverage, not mealtime glucose spikes. Lispro acts rapidly for meals, making this incorrect, as it doesn’t match the nurse’s focus on discussing a fast-acting insulin for controlling postprandial blood sugar in diabetes management.

Choice B reason: Lispro is a rapid-acting insulin, ideal for mealtime coverage to manage postprandial glucose spikes in diabetes. This aligns with insulin therapy education, making it the correct insulin type the nurse would discuss for a patient starting treatment to control meal-related hyperglycemia.

Choice C reason: Glargine is a long-acting insulin for basal needs, not mealtime coverage, which requires rapid action. Lispro is appropriate, making this incorrect, as it misaligns with the nurse’s goal of selecting an insulin to address immediate post-meal glucose elevations.

Choice D reason: NPH is an intermediate-acting insulin, not suited for rapid mealtime glucose control. Lispro’s quick onset is needed, making this incorrect, as it doesn’t meet the nurse’s purpose of discussing an insulin for effective mealtime coverage in diabetes therapy.

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Which sign is typically noticed first in patients with Parkinson disease (PD)?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient is being admitted with a diagnosis of Cushing syndrome. Which three findings will the nurse expect during the assessment? (Select all that apply)

Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]

Explanation

A patient with diabetes is starting on insulin therapy. Which type of insulin will the nurse discuss using for mealtime coverage?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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