Which statement accurately describes gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?
GDM occurs after childbirth and resolves on its own.
GDM is a rare condition that affects only a small percentage of pregnant women.
Women with GDM have an increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes later in life.
GDM is characterized by high blood glucose levels that develop during pregnancy.
The Correct Answer is D
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy and is characterized by high blood glucose levels. It usually resolves after childbirth but increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in the future.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. GDM typically resolves after childbirth, not after.
b. This choice is incorrect. GDM is not a rare condition; it affects a significant percentage of pregnant women.
c. This choice is incorrect. Women with GDM have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes, not type 1 diabetes, later in life.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
The OGTT measures the body's ability to clear glucose from the blood by drinking a glucose solution and measuring blood glucose levels at specific intervals. It is commonly used to diagnose diabetes mellitus.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. The fasting blood glucose test measures blood glucose levels after an overnight fast and is not specifically used to assess glucose clearance.
b. This choice is incorrect. The HbA1c test measures average blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 months and is not specifically used to assess glucose clearance.
c. This choice is incorrect. The C-peptide test assesses insulin production by the pancreas and is not specifically used to assess glucose clearance.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune condition in which the body's immune system attacks and destroys pancreatic beta cells, resulting in a lack of insulin production.
Incorrect choices:
b. This choice is incorrect. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion, but pancreatic beta cells are not completely destroyed.
c. This choice is incorrect. Gestational diabetes mellitus occurs during pregnancy and is not caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells.
d. This choice is incorrect. Prediabetes is a condition in which blood glucose levels are higher than normal but not high enough to be classified as diabetes. It is not characterized by autoimmune destruction of beta cells.
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