Which of the following is a potential consequence of prolonged hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus?

Hypoglycemic episodes and dizziness.

Increased cellular glucose uptake and energy production.

Formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) leading to tissue damage.

Enhanced insulin sensitivity and improved glucose control.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Prolonged hyperglycemia in diabetes can lead to the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which contribute to tissue damage, inflammation, and complications such as neuropathy and nephropathy.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. Hypoglycemic episodes are associated with low blood sugar, not prolonged hyperglycemia.

b. This choice is incorrect. Increased cellular glucose uptake and energy production would not be consequences of prolonged hyperglycemia; rather, hyperglycemia impairs cellular glucose uptake.

d. This choice is incorrect. Prolonged hyperglycemia leads to insulin resistance, not enhanced insulin sensitivity.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Sedentary lifestyle and obesity are modifiable risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Lifestyle changes, such as increasing physical activity and achieving a healthy weight, can help reduce the risk.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. Family history of type 2 diabetes is a non-modifiable risk factor.

b. This choice is incorrect. Age over 65 years is a non-modifiable risk factor.

d. This choice is incorrect. Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic cells is associated with type 1 diabetes, not type 2.

A. Temporary vision changes. B. Frequent episodes of hypoglycemia. C. Diarrhea and stomach cramps. D. Nerve damage leading to neuropathy.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Uncontrolled diabetes can lead to nerve damage, a condition known as neuropathy. This can result in symptoms such as numbness, tingling, and pain in the extremities.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. Temporary vision changes may occur due to high blood sugar levels, but it is not a long-term complication.

b. This choice is incorrect. Frequent hypoglycemic episodes may occur with medication use, but it is not a typical long-term complication of uncontrolled diabetes.

c. This choice is incorrect. Diarrhea and stomach cramps are not commonly associated with long-term complications of diabetes.

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Which of the following is a potential consequence of prolonged hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which of the following is a long-term complication associated with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Which complication of diabetes mellitus is characterized by the accumulation of glucose within the lens of the eye, leading to changes in vision and the development of cataracts?

Which medication works by inhibiting the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) in the kidneys, leading to increased glucose excretion in the urine, and is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus?

The nurse is teaching a client about foot care for diabetes management. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further clarification?

Which treatment approach involves delivering a continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion using an insulin pump and providing bolus doses before meals to mimic physiologic insulin secretion?

Which classification of diabetes mellitus is not related to insulin deficiency or resistance, but rather results from genetic mutations affecting the function of specific genes involved in beta cell function?

The nurse is teaching a client with diabetes about the importance of blood sugar monitoring. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further clarification?

Which type of diabetes mellitus is characterized by an autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, leading to an absolute deficiency of insulin secretion?

Which of the following accurately describes the role of insulin in glucose metabolism?