Which laboratory test is commonly used to monitor long-term glycemic control in individuals with diabetes mellitus by measuring average blood glucose levels over the past 2 to 3 months?

Fasting blood glucose test.

Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).

Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) test.

C-peptide test.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

The Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) test measures the percentage of hemoglobin that is glycated, reflecting average blood glucose levels over the past 2 to 3 months. It is a valuable tool for assessing long-term glycemic control.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. The fasting blood glucose test measures blood glucose levels after an overnight fast and provides a snapshot of current glucose levels, rather than long-term control.

b. This choice is incorrect. The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) measures how the body responds to a glucose load and is used to diagnose diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance, rather than monitor long-term control.

d. This choice is incorrect. The C-peptide test is used to assess insulin production by measuring the level of C-peptide, a byproduct of insulin production.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by an autoimmune response that targets and destroys pancreatic beta cells, leading to an absolute deficiency of insulin production.

Incorrect choices:

b. This choice is incorrect. Type 2 diabetes mellitus involves insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency, but not the autoimmune destruction of beta cells.

c. This choice is incorrect. Gestational diabetes mellitus occurs during pregnancy and is not characterized by autoimmune destruction of beta cells.

d. This choice is incorrect. Secondary diabetes mellitus is caused by other underlying medical conditions or factors and is not primarily characterized by autoimmune destruction of beta cells.

A. In type 1 diabetes, the body's cells become resistant to the effects of insulin. B. Type 1 diabetes is primarily caused by lifestyle factors such as obesity and sedentary behavior. C. In type 1 diabetes, the pancreas produces insufficient amounts of insulin or no insulin at all. D. Type 1 diabetes typically develops in adulthood and is often associated with insulin resistance.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Type 1 diabetes is characterized by the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, leading to a lack of insulin production. This results in an absolute insulin deficiency and requires external insulin administration.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. Insulin resistance is a characteristic of type 2 diabetes, not type 1.

b. This choice is incorrect. Type 1 diabetes is not primarily caused by lifestyle factors; it has an autoimmune etiology.

d. This choice is incorrect. Type 1 diabetes typically develops in childhood or adolescence, not adulthood, and is not associated with insulin resistance.

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Which laboratory test is commonly used to monitor long-term glycemic control in individuals with diabetes mellitus by measuring average blood glucose levels over the past 2 to 3 months?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which classification of diabetes mellitus is characterized by an autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, resulting in an absolute insulin deficiency?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which of the following statements accurately describes the pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is teaching a client about foot care for diabetes management. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further clarification?

A client with diabetes is experiencing symptoms of hypoglycemia. The nurse should instruct the client to consume:

Which medication works by inhibiting the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) in the kidneys, leading to increased glucose excretion in the urine, and is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Which diagnostic test is used to assess the body's ability to clear glucose from the blood and is commonly used to diagnose diabetes mellitus?

Which clinical manifestation of diabetes mellitus results from chronic hyperglycemia damaging small blood vessels and nerves?

Which chronic complication of diabetes mellitus is characterized by the thickening and narrowing of small blood vessels, leading to impaired blood flow to the lower extremities?

Which medication works by increasing insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues, facilitating glucose uptake by cells, and is commonly used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Which statement accurately describes gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?