Which surgical technique is commonly used for below-the-knee amputations?
Hip disarticulation
Transmetatarsal amputation
Above-the-knee amputation
Syme amputation
The Correct Answer is B
Transmetatarsal amputation involves the surgical removal of the forefoot and toes while preserving the heel and ankle joint. It is commonly used for below-the-knee amputations, specifically for conditions that affect the toes and forefoot but spare the ankle joint.
a. Hip disarticulation: Hip disarticulation is a higher-level amputation that involves the removal of the entire lower limb at the hip joint. It is not commonly used for below-the-knee amputations.
c. Above-the-knee amputation: Above-the-knee amputation involves the removal of the entire lower limb above the knee joint. It is not used for below-the-knee amputations.
d. Syme amputation: Syme amputation involves the removal of the foot at the ankle joint while preserving the heel pad. It is used for specific conditions affecting the foot and ankle joint but is not a common choice for below-the-knee amputations.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The primary goal of rehabilitation after amputation is to help the patient achieve the highest level of mobility and independence possible with the use of assistive devices and prosthetics. While rehabilitation can improve function and quality of life, it may not fully restore the limb to its pre-amputation function.
a. To restore the limb to its pre-amputation function: While rehabilitation aims to improve function, restoring the limb to its pre-amputation function is not always feasible. Amputation involves the permanent removal of a limb or body part, and some limitations may persist.
b. To minimize the use of assistive devices: While rehabilitation may help the patient adapt to using assistive devices, the goal is not necessarily to minimize their use. Assistive devices can greatly improve mobility and independence for amputees.
d. To eliminate all residual pain and discomfort: While rehabilitation can help manage pain and discomfort, eliminating all residual pain is not always achievable. The goal is to optimize the patient's function and well-being while addressing pain and discomfort as effectively as possible.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The primary purpose of positioning the residual limb in a flexed position after a below-the-knee amputation is to prevent contractures. Contractures are abnormal shortening and tightening of muscles and tendons, leading to restricted joint movement. Maintaining the limb in a flexed position helps prevent contractures and ensures optimal prosthetic fitting and functional outcomes.
b. To promote venous return: While positioning the limb in a flexed position may have some impact on venous return, it is not the primary purpose of this positioning. Elevating the limb on a pillow is more effective for promoting venous return.
c. To reduce edema: Keeping the residual limb elevated on a pillow is the preferred method for reducing edema in the immediate post-operative period, not positioning it in a flexed position.
d. To facilitate wound healing: Facilitating wound healing is not the primary purpose of positioning the residual limb in a flexed position. Proper wound care, dressing changes, and monitoring for signs of infection are essential for wound healing.
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