Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Carbohydrates have the most significant impact on blood glucose levels as they are broken down into glucose during digestion. Monitoring and controlling carbohydrate intake is crucial for managing blood glucose levels in individuals with diabetes mellitus.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. Fiber intake is important for digestive health and can help stabilize blood glucose levels, but it does not have as direct an impact as carbohydrates.

b. This choice is incorrect. Protein intake can influence insulin secretion, but it has a more modest effect on blood glucose compared to carbohydrates.

c. This choice is incorrect. Fat intake affects overall health, but it has a minimal direct impact on blood glucose levels.

The liver plays a central role in blood glucose regulation by releasing glucose into the bloodstream through glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis when blood glucose levels are low. It also stores glucose as glycogen and responds to insulin and glucagon signals.

Incorrect choices:

b. This choice is incorrect. While the kidneys play a role in filtering blood and excreting waste products, they are not primarily responsible for regulating blood glucose levels.

c. This choice is incorrect. The lungs are involved in oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange and are not directly involved in blood glucose regulation.

d. This choice is incorrect. The spleen is involved in immune function and blood filtration, but it does not play a central role in blood glucose regulation.