Which type of immunity is acquired through vaccination or exposure to a specific pathogen?
Passive immunity
Innate immunity
Active immunity
Acquired immunity
The Correct Answer is C
Explanation: Active immunity. Active immunity is acquired when the immune system is exposed to a pathogen, either through natural infection or vaccination. It results in the production of memory cells that provide long-term protection against future exposures to the same pathogen.
Incorrect choices:
a. Passive immunity is acquired when preformed antibodies are transferred from one individual to another. It provides immediate but temporary protection and does not involve the production of memory cells.
b. Innate immunity is the body's first line of defense against infections and provides immediate, non-specific protection, but it does not involve the production of antibodies specific to a particular pathogen.
d. Acquired immunity is a general term that includes both active and passive immunity, but it does not specifically describe the type of immunity acquired through vaccination or exposure to a specific pathogen.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Explanation: The immune response is a complex system of defense mechanisms that aim to protect the body from pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, and other foreign substances. It involves the activation of various immune cells, production of antibodies, and other immune components to recognize and eliminate the invading pathogens.
Incorrect choices:
a. Directly attacking and killing infected cells is the role of cytotoxic T cells during cell-mediated immunity, but it is not the primary purpose of the overall immune response.
b. Antigens are foreign substances that trigger the immune response. They are not produced by the immune response itself but rather recognized by immune cells and antibodies.
c. The immune response is not involved in regulating the body's metabolism. Metabolism regulation is primarily controlled by other systems in the body, such as the endocrine system.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Explanation: Healthcare workers are recommended to receive the hepatitis B vaccine to protect against hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, which can be transmitted through contact with infected blood or body fluids.
Incorrect choices:
a. The influenza vaccine is recommended annually for healthcare workers to protect against seasonal flu, not hepatitis B.
b. The tetanus toxoid vaccine protects against tetanus, not hepatitis B.
d. The pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine protects against pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria, not hepatitis B.
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