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Which type of immunity is acquired through vaccination or exposure to a specific pathogen?

A.

Passive immunity

B.

Innate immunity

C.

Active immunity

D.

Acquired immunity

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Explanation: Active immunity. Active immunity is acquired when the immune system is exposed to a pathogen, either through natural infection or vaccination. It results in the production of memory cells that provide long-term protection against future exposures to the same pathogen.
Incorrect choices:

a. Passive immunity is acquired when preformed antibodies are transferred from one individual to another. It provides immediate but temporary protection and does not involve the production of memory cells.

b. Innate immunity is the body's first line of defense against infections and provides immediate, non-specific protection, but it does not involve the production of antibodies specific to a particular pathogen.

d. Acquired immunity is a general term that includes both active and passive immunity, but it does not specifically describe the type of immunity acquired through vaccination or exposure to a specific pathogen.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Explanation: The pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine is recommended for older adults to protect against pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. The influenza vaccine is recommended annually for people of all ages to prevent the flu.

Incorrect choices:

a. The hepatitis B vaccine is not specifically recommended for older adults to prevent pneumonia.

b. The influenza vaccine protects against the flu, not pneumonia.

d. The HPV vaccine is recommended for adolescents and young adults, not older adults, and does not protect against pneumonia.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Explanation: Todirectly destroy pathogens and infected cells. Antibodies are Y-shaped proteins produced by B cells in response to a specific pathogen. They bind to the surface of the pathogen and mark it for destruction by other components of the immune system or directly neutralize the pathogen.

Incorrect choices:

b. While antibodies can attract white blood cells to the site of infection, their primary role is not to do so but rather to directly target and neutralize pathogens.

c. Antibodies do not produce hormones but are part of the humoral immune response, which involves the production of antibodies to fight off infections.

d. Antibodies do not play a role in maintaining body temperature during infections; instead, fever is a response triggered by the release of certain chemicals called pyrogens during infections.

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