Which type of immunity is acquired through vaccination or exposure to a specific pathogen?
Passive immunity
Innate immunity
Active immunity
Acquired immunity
The Correct Answer is C
Explanation: Active immunity. Active immunity is acquired when the immune system is exposed to a pathogen, either through natural infection or vaccination. It results in the production of memory cells that provide long-term protection against future exposures to the same pathogen.
Incorrect choices:
a. Passive immunity is acquired when preformed antibodies are transferred from one individual to another. It provides immediate but temporary protection and does not involve the production of memory cells.
b. Innate immunity is the body's first line of defense against infections and provides immediate, non-specific protection, but it does not involve the production of antibodies specific to a particular pathogen.
d. Acquired immunity is a general term that includes both active and passive immunity, but it does not specifically describe the type of immunity acquired through vaccination or exposure to a specific pathogen.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Explanation: The pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine is recommended for older adults to protect against pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. The influenza vaccine is recommended annually for people of all ages to prevent the flu.
Incorrect choices:
a. The hepatitis B vaccine is not specifically recommended for older adults to prevent pneumonia.
b. The influenza vaccine protects against the flu, not pneumonia.
d. The HPV vaccine is recommended for adolescents and young adults, not older adults, and does not protect against pneumonia.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Correct answer: B
Explanation: T cells, specifically cytotoxic T cells (CD8+ T cells), are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They directly recognize and attack infected or abnormal cells, leading to their destruction. This process is crucial in controlling viral infections and cancer cells.
Incorrect choices:
a. B cells, not T cells, are responsible for the production of antibodies during the humoral immune response.
c. Phagocytosis of pathogens is mainly carried out by macrophages and neutrophils, not T cells.
d. Allergic reactions are primarily mediated by a different type of T cells called helper T cells (CD4+ T cells), not cytotoxic T cells.
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