Which of the following cells is responsible for antigen recognition during the immune response?
B cells
Cytotoxic T cells
Macrophages
Red blood cells
The Correct Answer is A
Explanation: B cells are a type of lymphocyte that plays a crucial role in the immune response by recognizing and binding to specific antigens. When a B cell encounters an antigen that matches its specific receptor, it becomes activated and differentiates into plasma cells, which produce antibodies against the antigen.
Incorrect choices:
b. Cytotoxic T cells are responsible for directly attacking and killing infected or abnormal cells during cell-mediated immunity. They do not primarily recognize antigens during the immune response.
c. Macrophages are antigen-presenting cells that engulf and process pathogens to present their antigens to other immune cells, such as T cells and B cells. While they are involved in antigen recognition, they are not the primary cells responsible for this function.
d. Red blood cells do not have a direct role in antigen recognition or the immune response. Their primary function is to transport oxygen throughout the body.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Explanation: Live attenuated vaccines use a weakened form of the pathogen that is still capable of replicating but does not cause severe illness in healthy individuals. This type of vaccine can provide long-lasting immunity with a single dose.
Incorrect choices:
a. Inactivated vaccines use killed pathogens, not weakened forms.
b. Subunit vaccines use only specific parts of the pathogen, not weakened forms.
d. Toxoid vaccines use inactivated toxins produced by the pathogen, not weakened forms of the pathogen itself.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Explanation: Fibromyalgia is a chronic pain disorder characterized by widespread pain, fatigue, and tender points in specific areas of the body, such as the neck, shoulders, back, and hips.
Incorrect choices:
a. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder that can affect multiple organs and systems, including the skin, joints, kidneys, and nervous system.
c. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder that affects the central nervous system, causing symptoms such as fatigue, muscle weakness, and coordination problems.
d. Sjögren's syndrome is an autoimmune disorder that primarily affects the salivary and lacrimal glands, leading to dry eyes and dry mouth.
True or False: Immune disorders can be caused by both genetic and environmental factors.
Explanation: Immune disorders can result from a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental triggers. Some individuals may have a genetic susceptibility to developing certain immune disorders, and exposure to certain environmental factors, such as infections or certain substances, can trigger the immune response leading to the development of the disorder.
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