Which of the following cells is responsible for antigen recognition during the immune response?
B cells
Cytotoxic T cells
Macrophages
Red blood cells
The Correct Answer is A
Explanation: B cells are a type of lymphocyte that plays a crucial role in the immune response by recognizing and binding to specific antigens. When a B cell encounters an antigen that matches its specific receptor, it becomes activated and differentiates into plasma cells, which produce antibodies against the antigen.
Incorrect choices:
b. Cytotoxic T cells are responsible for directly attacking and killing infected or abnormal cells during cell-mediated immunity. They do not primarily recognize antigens during the immune response.
c. Macrophages are antigen-presenting cells that engulf and process pathogens to present their antigens to other immune cells, such as T cells and B cells. While they are involved in antigen recognition, they are not the primary cells responsible for this function.
d. Red blood cells do not have a direct role in antigen recognition or the immune response. Their primary function is to transport oxygen throughout the body.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
xplanation: Memory B cells are formed during the primary immune response and play a critical role in the secondary immune response. When re-exposed to the same antigen, memory B cells quickly differentiate into plasma cells that produce large quantities of specific antibodies, leading to a rapid and robust immune response.
Incorrect choices:
a. The production of antibodies during the primary immune response is primarily carried out by plasma cells, not memory B cells.
b. The activation of helper T cells is essential for coordinating the immune response, but memory B cells are not directly responsible for this process.
c. The initiation of the complement cascade is a separate component of the immune response involving complement proteins, and memory B cells are not directly involved in this process.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Explanation: The secondary immune response provides long-lasting immunity because of the presence of memory B cells and memory T cells. These memory cells "remember" the specific antigen and can quickly mount a strong and effective immune response upon re-exposure to the same antigen, providing long-term protection.
Incorrect choices:
a. The primary immune response is primarily mediated by IgM antibodies, while the secondary immune response involves the predominance of IgG antibodies, which are more effective and provide long-lasting immunity.
b. The secondary immune response occurs after the primary immune response and is faster, not slower, due to the presence of memory cells.
c. Memory cells are a key component of the secondary immune response, playing a central role in providing rapid and robust immunity.
VI. Immune Disorders and Clinical Considerations:
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