While performing a physical assessment on a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the practical nurse (PN) determines that the client's respiratory rate is 30 breaths/minute. When the PN begins to assess the client's range of motion (ROM), which is the best plan to implement?

A. Circular or spiral: Circular or spiral turns are useful for covering areas of uniform thickness like the forearm or lower leg. However, they do not provide the necessary flexibility and joint support needed for an area like the wrist that requires frequent movement.
B. Figure-eight turns: Figure-eight bandaging is ideal for joints such as the wrist because it provides secure stabilization while allowing some range of motion. It supports the bandage placement over the wound and accommodates natural joint movement without slipping or tightening.
C. Arm sling: An arm sling supports the entire arm, typically used for fractures or shoulder injuries. It does not address localized wound care needs on the palm or help secure a dressing at the wrist specifically.
D. Glove or sock: A glove or sock dressing covers an entire hand or foot but would not adequately stabilize a dressing over a specific wound on the palm while allowing wrist mobility. It also may not keep the dressing in firm contact with the wound.

A. When the pain interferes with activities of daily living: Waiting until pain affects daily functioning may cause unnecessary suffering and make pain harder to control. Postoperative pain management aims to address discomfort early before it escalates to a level that impairs normal activity.
B. As soon as the client begins to feel pain: Asking for pain medication at the onset of pain allows for more effective management. Treating pain early prevents the development of severe pain, enhances comfort, and often requires lower doses of medication compared to managing severe pain later.
C. When the client can no longer move comfortably: Delaying pain management until mobility is significantly impaired increases the risk of complications such as immobility, poor wound healing, and longer hospital stays. Early intervention is crucial for better outcomes.
D. Once the pain gets to a moderate level: Allowing pain to reach a moderate intensity before requesting medication can make it more difficult to control. It is better to preemptively manage pain to prevent escalation, leading to faster recovery and improved participation in rehabilitation activities.