While teaching anticipatory guidance to a young couple with a child with Down syndrome, the nurse explains that one major physical characteristic of the child with Down syndrome is:

Excessive height

Spots on the palms

Hypotonic musculature

Inflexibility of the joints

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Children with Down syndrome typically exhibit short stature, not excessive height.
B. While children with Down syndrome may have a single transverse palmar crease, not "spots on the palms," this is not the most defining physical feature.
C. One of the hallmark physical characteristics of Down syndrome is hypotonia (low muscle tone). It often leads to delayed motor development, poor head control, and floppy posture in infancy.
D. Children with Down syndrome are more likely to have hyperflexible joints due to ligamentous laxity, not inflexibility.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Detachment and rejection are psychosocial interpretations that require deeper behavioral assessment and are not appropriate assumptions based on physical presentation alone.
B. Maternal deprivation refers to a lack of emotional bonding or nurturing, which is not evidenced here and is not the cause of the floppiness described.
C. While autism can co-occur with Down syndrome, the description given is more characteristic of hypotonia, not autism-specific behavior.
D. Infants with Down syndrome commonly have generalized hypotonia (low muscle tone), which causes them to feel “floppy” or like a rag doll when held. This is a well-known physical trait of the condition and not a sign of emotional or developmental issues at this stage.

A. Upper body blood pressure is higher than the lower body B. Clubbing of the digits and shortness of breath C. Cyanosis D. Pedal edema

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Coarctation of the aorta is a congenital narrowing of the aorta, typically after the branches that supply the upper body. This results in increased blood pressure in the upper extremities and decreased perfusion (and lower blood pressure) in the lower extremities.
B. Clubbing and shortness of breath are more characteristic of chronic hypoxemia, often seen in cyanotic congenital heart defects such as Tetralogy of Fallot, not coarctation of the aorta.
C. Cyanosis is typically associated with defects that cause mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood, such as transposition of the great arteries or tetralogy of Fallot, not coarctation.
D. Pedal edema is more commonly associated with right-sided heart failure and is not a hallmark sign of coarctation in pediatric clients.

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While teaching anticipatory guidance to a young couple with a child with Down syndrome, the nurse explains that one major physical characteristic of the child with Down syndrome is:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse assesses a child with coarctation of the aorta. Which common clinical manifestation is the nurse likely to observe?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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