You are working in an outpatient gastroenterology clinic when, during an elective colonoscopy, after hearing anesthesia say that they "lost track of how much Fentanyl was given," a patient requires frequent, vigorous stimulation in order to respond. You quickly realize that this patient is grossly over-sedated. A patient in this state is said to be:
Lethargic
Stuporous
Obtunded
Comatose
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: Lethargy implies a state of sluggishness, drowsiness, or fatigue, not the inability to respond to stimuli.
Choice B reason: Stupor refers to a state of near-unconsciousness or insensibility, but the patient may respond to vigorous stimulation.
Choice C reason: Obtundation describes a state of consciousness characterized by a reduced alertness and a slow response to stimuli, but not complete unresponsiveness.
Choice D reason: Comatose is the correct term for a state of deep unconsciousness in which a patient cannot be aroused, fitting the description of the patient's condition.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Painful and red-tinged urination could be related to kidney stones but is not directly relevant to the preparation for an intravenous pyelogram.
Choice B reason: The end of the menstrual period is not typically relevant to the preparation for an intravenous pyelogram.
Choice C reason: Drinking fluids is generally encouraged but does not need to be reported unless it is restricted before the procedure.
Choice D reason: The client's allergy to shellfish is important to report because the contrast dye used in an intravenous pyelogram may contain iodine, which can cause a reaction in people with shellfish allergies.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Respiratory Acidosis is characterized by a low pH and a high PCO2, which is not the case here.
Choice B reason: Respiratory Alkalosis would involve a high pH and a low PCO2, which is not consistent with the patient's PCO2 level.
Choice C reason: Metabolic Alkalosis is indicated by a high pH and a high HCO3, which matches the patient's blood gas values.
Choice D reason: Metabolic Acidosis would show a low pH and a low HCO3, which is the opposite of this patient's presentation.
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