Young women should have their first Pap smear examination at which age?

Only after they become sexually active

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: Guidelines recommend the first Pap smear at age 21, regardless of sexual activity, to screen for cervical cancer. This age balances the risk of detecting clinically significant abnormalities while avoiding unnecessary testing in younger women, whose HPV infections often resolve.

Choice B reason: Age 16 is too early for routine Pap smears, as cervical cancer is rare in adolescents, and HPV infections often clear spontaneously. Screening at this age may lead to overdiagnosis and unnecessary procedures, making it an incorrect recommendation.

Choice C reason: Tying Pap smears to sexual activity is outdated. Current guidelines recommend starting at age 21, as earlier screening in sexually active younger women often detects transient HPV infections, leading to overtreatment, making this an incorrect criterion.

Choice D reason: Age 18 is not the recommended starting point for Pap smears, as cervical cancer risk is low in this age group, and screening may lead to unnecessary interventions. Guidelines specify age 21 for routine screening, making this choice incorrect.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Intelligence cannot be assessed in a 3-month-old, as cognitive abilities are not yet developed enough for evaluation. Sucking and grasping are innate behaviors driven by reflexes, not conscious thought, making this an incorrect assessment focus.

Choice B reason: Cerebral cortex function is immature in a 3-month-old, and sucking and grasping are primarily brainstem-mediated reflexes. These actions do not directly assess higher cortical functions like memory or reasoning, making this an incorrect choice.

Choice C reason: Sucking and grasping in a 3-month-old are primitive reflexes (sucking reflex and palmar grasp reflex), mediated by the brainstem. Assessing these evaluates normal neurological development, making this the correct focus of the nurse’s inquiry.

Choice D reason: While sucking involves Cranial Nerves V, VII, IX, and XII, and grasping involves spinal reflexes, the nurse is assessing the presence of these reflexes, not the cranial nerves directly. Reflex assessment is the primary focus, making this less precise.

A. Right 5th intercostal space at the sternal border B. Right 2nd intercostal space at the sternal border C. Left 5th intercostal space at the mid-clavicular line D. Left 2nd intercostal space at the mid-clavicular line

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: The right 5th intercostal space at the sternal border is near the tricuspid valve, where murmurs from tricuspid regurgitation or stenosis are typically heard. Aortic valve stenosis murmurs, caused by turbulent flow through a narrowed aortic valve, are not prominent here, making this an incorrect assessment site.

Choice B reason: The right 2nd intercostal space at the sternal border is the aortic area, ideal for auscultating aortic valve stenosis murmurs. These murmurs are harsh, crescendo-decrescendo, and systolic, radiating to the carotid arteries due to turbulent blood flow through the stenosed aortic valve, making this the correct site.

Choice C reason: The left 5th intercostal space at the mid-clavicular line is the mitral valve area, where mitral regurgitation or stenosis murmurs are heard. Aortic valve stenosis murmurs originate from the aortic root and are not best detected here, rendering this choice incorrect.

Choice D reason: The left 2nd intercostal space at the mid-clavicular line is near the pulmonic valve, where pulmonic stenosis murmurs are auscultated. Aortic valve stenosis murmurs are not prominent in this area, as they are specific to the aortic region, making this an incorrect choice.

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Young women should have their first Pap smear examination at which age?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

While obtaining a health history of a 3-month-old infant from the mother, the nurse asks about the infant’s ability to suck and grasp the mother’s finger. What is the nurse assessing?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which area would the nurse assess for a murmur due to aortic valve stenosis?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is performing a neurological assessment on a patient and elicits a positive Romberg’s sign. What observation by the nurse determines this outcome?

During an interview, the nurse states, “What brings you to the clinic today?” Which communication technique is used with this statement?

During the assessment, the nurse notices areas of the throat that are raw and inflamed. Which technique should the nurse use to assess further?

What is one of the first assessments that a nurse should include when performing an initial nutritional screening on a new patient?

The best way to assess a 70-year-old patient’s recent memory recall is for the nurse to ask the patient to:

As a mandatory reporter of elder abuse, which of these statements must be present before a nurse notifies the authorities?

The nurse is examining a 3-year-old child. Which bruise, if found, would be of most concern?

During a health history, a patient tells the nurse that he has had trouble in starting his urine stream. Which term is used to document this symptom?