Young women should have their first Pap smear examination at which age?
21
16
Only after they become sexually active
18
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Guidelines recommend the first Pap smear at age 21, regardless of sexual activity, to screen for cervical cancer. This age balances the risk of detecting clinically significant abnormalities while avoiding unnecessary testing in younger women, whose HPV infections often resolve.
Choice B reason: Age 16 is too early for routine Pap smears, as cervical cancer is rare in adolescents, and HPV infections often clear spontaneously. Screening at this age may lead to overdiagnosis and unnecessary procedures, making it an incorrect recommendation.
Choice C reason: Tying Pap smears to sexual activity is outdated. Current guidelines recommend starting at age 21, as earlier screening in sexually active younger women often detects transient HPV infections, leading to overtreatment, making this an incorrect criterion.
Choice D reason: Age 18 is not the recommended starting point for Pap smears, as cervical cancer risk is low in this age group, and screening may lead to unnecessary interventions. Guidelines specify age 21 for routine screening, making this choice incorrect.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Statements from the victim are valuable but not required for reporting elder abuse. Mandatory reporters must act on reasonable suspicion, as victims may be unable or unwilling to report due to fear or incapacity, making this incorrect.
Choice B reason: Witness statements support abuse cases but are not mandatory for reporting. Nurses must report based on suspicion, as waiting for witness corroboration could delay protection, making this an incorrect requirement for notification.
Choice C reason: As a mandatory reporter, a nurse must notify authorities based on reasonable suspicion of abuse or neglect, as per legal standards. This ensures timely intervention to protect vulnerable elders, even without definitive proof, making this correct.
Choice D reason: Proof of abuse or neglect is not required for reporting, as mandatory reporters act on suspicion. Requiring proof could delay or prevent reporting, leaving elders at risk, making this an incorrect threshold for notification.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Large, fixed lymph nodes suggest pathology, such as malignancy or chronic infection, as they indicate adherence to surrounding tissues. In healthy adults, lymph nodes are typically small and not fixed, making this an abnormal and incorrect characteristic.
Choice B reason: Large, non-mobile lymph nodes may indicate infection or malignancy, as healthy nodes are usually small and mobile. Non-mobility suggests tissue infiltration, which is pathological, making this an incorrect description of normal lymph node characteristics.
Choice C reason: Granular texture is not a standard term for describing lymph nodes. Healthy nodes, when palpable, feel smooth and soft. Granular suggests abnormality, possibly infection or malignancy, making this an inaccurate characteristic for healthy lymph nodes.
Choice D reason: In healthy adults, lymph nodes are typically not palpable, as they are small, soft, and non-tender, blending into surrounding tissues. Palpable nodes often indicate inflammation or pathology, making this the correct description of a normal finding.
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