Your patient has Iron deficiency anemia because of their pica. Which of the following lab results is EXPECTED in this condition?

High serum Iron and Low MCV

High serum Iron and Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV)

High Total Iron Binding Capacity: Low serum Iron and MCV

None of the above

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A.   In iron deficiency anemia, serum iron levels are typically low due to a deficiency in iron. Additionally, the Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) is often low because the red blood cells produced are smaller than normal (microcytic).
B.   Similar to option A, serum iron levels in iron deficiency anemia would be low, not high. The MCV may be low or normal, but it would not be high due to the production of microcytic red blood cells.
C.   In iron deficiency anemia, TIBC is usually high because the body is trying to maximize iron transport in response to low iron levels. Serum iron is low, and the MCV is low due to the production of smaller red blood cells.
D.   This option is incorrect because option C accurately describes the expected lab results in iron deficiency anemia.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Methotrexate (MTX) is a disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) that helps slow disease progression but does not provide immediate pain relief. NSAIDs and steroids may be used for symptomatic relief, but MTX alone can manage both pain and disease progression over time.
B. This response is unprofessional and dismissive. It implies that the medication regimen is based solely on the patient's insurance coverage rather than their medical needs. It does not address the patient’s question and could undermine trust in the healthcare team.
C. Methotrexate does not primarily treat nausea; rather, it is used to manage rheumatoid arthritis. While some patients may experience nausea as a side effect of MTX or other medications, this is not its primary purpose.
D. Methotrexate is indeed a DMARD that can take weeks to months to show its full benefits in controlling inflammation and slowing disease progression. Meanwhile, NSAIDs or corticosteroids may be prescribed to provide quicker relief from symptoms such as pain and swelling.

A. Airplane flights B. Dehydration C. Cold weather D. Illness E. Flashing light patterns on television

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

A. Airplane flights can trigger a crisis due to changes in altitude and decreased oxygen levels in the cabin. The lower atmospheric pressure and reduced oxygen can contribute to sickling of red blood cells, increasing the risk of a crisis.
B. Dehydration is a significant trigger for sickle cell crises. It can lead to hemoconcentration, making the blood more viscous and promoting sickling of the red blood cells. Maintaining hydration is crucial for preventing crises.
C. Exposure to cold weather can trigger vaso-occlusive crises in sickle cell patients. Cold temperatures can cause blood vessels to constrict, reducing blood flow and increasing the likelihood of sickling and pain episodes.
D. Any illness, particularly infections, can trigger a sickle cell crisis. Infections can lead to increased metabolic demand, dehydration, and inflammatory responses, all of which can contribute to vaso- occlusion and pain.
E. While certain sensory stimuli can affect individuals with various conditions (like migraines), flashing light patterns on television are not commonly recognized triggers for a sickle cell crisis. There is no substantial evidence linking this to vaso-occlusive events in sickle cell disease.

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Your patient has Iron deficiency anemia because of their pica. Which of the following lab results is EXPECTED in this condition?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Your patient has just received a new diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis. They are confused about their prescriptions, however. They ask you "Why am I receiving so many medications? I thought this 'MTX' drug was the one that would treat my arthritis?". What is your BEST response?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Which of the following factors are known to commonly trigger a crisis in patients with sickle cell disease? (Select all that apply)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

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