(1 point):. An elderly patient asks the nurse what causes aortic stenosis later in life.
How should the nurse respond? Aortic stenosis usually results from:.

Congenital disorders.

Rheumatic heart disease and loss of muscle fibers.

Degeneration and calcification of the valve.

Marfan syndrome.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale:

Congenital disorders can indeed cause aortic stenosis, but it is not the most common cause in later life. Aortic stenosis primarily results from degeneration and calcification of the valve as individuals age.

Choice B rationale:

Rheumatic heart disease is a significant cause of aortic stenosis in some cases, but it is more common in regions where rheumatic fever is prevalent. Loss of muscle fibers is not the primary cause of aortic stenosis in later life.

Choice C rationale:

This is the correct answer. Aortic stenosis in older adults usually results from degeneration and calcification of the aortic valve. As people age, wear and tear on the valve can lead to the formation of calcium deposits, causing narrowing and obstruction of the valve. This is the most common etiology of aortic stenosis in the elderly.

Choice D rationale:

Marfan syndrome is a genetic connective tissue disorder that can affect the aorta, leading to aortic root dilation or dissection. While it is associated with aortic pathology, it is not the primary cause of aortic stenosis.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Mitral valve prolapse is an autosomal dominant condition. If a patient's history indicates that cardiac valve disease is autosomal dominant, the nurse is likely to find a diagnosis of mitral valve prolapse in the patient's chart. Mitral valve prolapse is a condition where the mitral valve doesn't close properly, allowing blood to flow back into the left atrium.

Choice B rationale:

Pulmonary stenosis is not typically associated with autosomal dominant inheritance. It's more commonly associated with sporadic genetic mutations or other non-genetic factors.

Choice C rationale:

Tricuspid regurgitation is not usually an autosomal dominant condition. Like pulmonary stenosis, it's often caused by other factors rather than being directly related to genetic inheritance.

Choice D rationale:

Aortic stenosis is not typically an autosomal dominant condition. It's more commonly related to age-related degeneration or other non-genetic factors.

A. Mast cell. B. Neutrophil. C. Macrophage. D. Lymphocyte.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Mast cells are involved in the inflammatory response but are not the primary white blood cells responsible for the development of fatty streaks in atherosclerosis. Mast cells release histamines and other inflammatory mediators.

Choice B rationale:

Neutrophils are primarily responsible for fighting bacterial infections and are not the primary cells involved in atherosclerosis. While inflammation is a component of atherosclerosis, neutrophils are not the main cells responsible for the development of fatty plaques.

Choice C rationale:

Macrophages play a central role in atherosclerosis. They are responsible for engulfing oxidized LDL cholesterol in arterial walls, which then contributes to plaque formation. Macrophages play a pivotal role in the inflammatory response within the arterial walls, leading to atherosclerosis.

Choice D rationale:

Lymphocytes are involved in the immune response, but they are not the primary cells responsible for the development of fatty streaks in atherosclerosis. Lymphocytes play a role in the adaptive immune system and are not as directly involved in the early stages of atherosclerosis as macrophages.

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(1 point):. An elderly patient asks the nurse what causes aortic stenosis later in life.How should the nurse respond? Aortic stenosis usually results from:.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

(1 point). Listen.If a patient's history indicates that the cardiac valve disease is autosomal dominant, which diagnosis will the nurse observe written in the chart?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

(1 point). Listen.A nurse is describing the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis.Which information should the nurse include? The main white blood cell that plays a role in the development of the fatty streak in atherosclerosis is the:.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

(1 point). Listen.Mitogens, such as angiotensin II, and growth factors stimulate:.

(1 point) V Saved.Listen.If a patient develops an unstable plaque in the coronary arteries, which complication should the nurse monitor for in this patient?

(1 point). Listen.While reading the history, the nurse notices that the patient has stenosis of a heart valve.How does the nurse interpret this finding? The valve:.

(1 point). Listen.A nurse is describing the pathophysiology of acute rheumatic fever.Which information should the nurse include? Acute rheumatic fever is a result of an acute, abnormal immune response to group A streptococcal cell membrane antigens called:.

(1 point). Listen.A nurse is teaching about obesity and adipokines.Which information should the nurse include? Obesity causes a decrease of:.

(1 point). Listen.A patient has atherosclerosis.Which factor associated with endothelial injury will the nurse observe written in the history?

(1 point). Listen.Which of the following conditions will the nurse observe documented on the cha, the patient has a rapid collection of fluid in the pericardial sac, resulting in tamponade?

(1 point). Listen.Which of the following laboratory results will cause the nurse to suspect that a patient is prone to the development of the fatty streak in atherosclerosis?

(1 point):. An elderly patient asks the nurse what causes aortic stenosis later in life.
How should the nurse respond? Aortic stenosis usually results from:.