(1 point):. An elderly patient asks the nurse what causes aortic stenosis later in life.
How should the nurse respond? Aortic stenosis usually results from:.

Congenital disorders.

Rheumatic heart disease and loss of muscle fibers.

Degeneration and calcification of the valve.

Marfan syndrome.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale:

Congenital disorders can indeed cause aortic stenosis, but it is not the most common cause in later life. Aortic stenosis primarily results from degeneration and calcification of the valve as individuals age.

Choice B rationale:

Rheumatic heart disease is a significant cause of aortic stenosis in some cases, but it is more common in regions where rheumatic fever is prevalent. Loss of muscle fibers is not the primary cause of aortic stenosis in later life.

Choice C rationale:

This is the correct answer. Aortic stenosis in older adults usually results from degeneration and calcification of the aortic valve. As people age, wear and tear on the valve can lead to the formation of calcium deposits, causing narrowing and obstruction of the valve. This is the most common etiology of aortic stenosis in the elderly.

Choice D rationale:

Marfan syndrome is a genetic connective tissue disorder that can affect the aorta, leading to aortic root dilation or dissection. While it is associated with aortic pathology, it is not the primary cause of aortic stenosis.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

When describing stroke, it is essential to focus on factors related to the cardiovascular system. Pulse rate, hypertension (high blood pressure), and arrhythmia (irregular heart rhythms) are all cardiovascular parameters that can be associated with stroke. An increase in pulse rate, hypertension, and arrhythmia can be signs of a stroke or risk factors for stroke.

Choice B rationale:

Murmurs, hypertrophy, and blood flow are relevant to cardiac conditions and may be associated with stroke if they lead to inadequate blood flow to the brain. However, they are not as directly related to stroke as the factors mentioned in choice A.

Choice C rationale:

Contractility, preload, and afterload are also important cardiac parameters but are more related to the function of the heart itself rather than stroke. While heart function is crucial for maintaining adequate blood flow to the brain, these parameters are not as directly associated with stroke as the factors in choice A.

Choice D rationale:

Myocyte hibernation, stunning, and remodeling are terms often used in the context of cardiac conditions, particularly after myocardial infarction (heart attack). These terms are not typically associated with a general description of stroke. .

A. The heart stores approximately 20 minutes' worth of oxygen supply in the myoglobin. B. Collateral blood flow to the myocardium can maintain the myocardium for 20 minutes. C. It takes 20 minutes for neutrophils and macrophages to arrive and activate inflammation. D. Anaerobic metabolism maintains cellular integrity for approximately 20 minutes.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

The nurse's best response is not choice A because the heart does not store 20 minutes' worth of oxygen supply in myoglobin. Myoglobin is a protein in muscles that stores oxygen, but it is not the primary source of oxygen for the heart.

Choice B rationale:

The nurse's best response is choice B. Collateral blood flow to the myocardium can maintain the myocardium for about 20 minutes during myocardial ischemia. Collateral blood vessels can provide an alternative source of blood supply to the heart muscle, which may temporarily sustain it in the absence of normal blood flow.

Choice C rationale:

Choice C is not the best response because the arrival of neutrophils and macrophages and the activation of inflammation are not the primary reasons for the reversibility of myocardial ischemia within 20 minutes.

Choice D rationale:

Anaerobic metabolism can maintain cellular integrity for a limited time, but it is not the primary reason for the reversibility of myocardial ischemia within 20 minutes. The best response is choice B, which focuses on collateral blood flow as the primary reason.

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(1 point):. An elderly patient asks the nurse what causes aortic stenosis later in life.How should the nurse respond? Aortic stenosis usually results from:.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

(1 point). Listen.A nurse is describing stroke.together?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

(1 point). Listen.A nurse is asked why myocardial ischemia is usually reversible within 20 minutes.What is the nurse's best response?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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(1 point):. An elderly patient asks the nurse what causes aortic stenosis later in life.
How should the nurse respond? Aortic stenosis usually results from:.