(1 point). Listen.
Over time, if a patient has sustained hypertension, which complication should the nurse expect in this patient?
Insulin resistance.
Left ventricular hypertrophy.
Excessive excretion of fluid by the kidneys.
Hormone dysfunction.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale:
Insulin resistance is not a typical complication of sustained hypertension. This statement is incorrect. While hypertension can lead to various complications, insulin resistance is not one of the primary complications associated with high blood pressure.
Choice B rationale:
Left ventricular hypertrophy is a common complication of sustained hypertension. This statement is correct. Prolonged high blood pressure can lead to the thickening and enlargement of the left ventricle of the heart, known as left ventricular hypertrophy. This is a well-recognized and common complication of hypertension.
Choice C rationale:
Excessive excretion of fluid by the kidneys is not a typical complication of sustained hypertension. This statement is incorrect. Hypertension often leads to kidney damage, but it is more likely to result in reduced kidney function and fluid retention rather than excessive fluid excretion.
Choice D rationale:
Hormone dysfunction is not a primary complication of sustained hypertension. This statement is incorrect. While hypertension can affect various physiological processes, it is not a direct cause of hormone dysfunction. Hormone dysfunction may be related to other conditions, but it is not a direct consequence of hypertension. .
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Remodeling of arterial luminal walls is not a direct consequence of insulin resistance. Insulin resistance primarily affects glucose metabolism and can lead to hypertension through the activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
Choice B rationale:
Amino acid homocysteine is associated with cardiovascular disease, but it is not the primary mediator of insulin resistance or hypertension.
Choice C rationale:
Insulin resistance is associated with overactivity of the sympathetic nervous system and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays a significant role in regulating blood pressure, and its overactivity can contribute to hypertension.
Choice D rationale:
Increased afterload effect is a consequence of hypertension rather than a direct association with insulin resistance. Insulin resistance can lead to hypertension through various mechanisms, including sympathetic nervous system activation and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activation.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
A patient with Alzheimer's disease is at risk for various health complications, but the question specifically asks about the risk of silent myocardial ischemia caused by dysfunction of the autonomic nerves. While Alzheimer's disease may lead to autonomic nervous system dysfunction, diabetes mellitus is a more well-established risk factor for autonomic neuropathy, which can result in silent myocardial ischemia.
Choice B rationale:
Diabetes mellitus is a known risk factor for autonomic neuropathy, which can result in silent myocardial ischemia. Autonomic neuropathy affects the nerves that control vital functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, and digestion. This can lead to silent myocardial ischemia, where the patient may not feel the typical chest pain (angina) associated with reduced blood flow to the heart. Therefore, patients with diabetes are at the highest risk for this complication.
Choice C rationale:
Hypertension, while a risk factor for heart disease, is not directly linked to autonomic neuropathy and silent myocardial ischemia. Hypertension can lead to other cardiovascular complications but is not the primary risk factor for this specific complication mentioned in the question.
Choice D rationale:
Emphysema is primarily a lung condition and is not directly related to autonomic neuropathy or the risk of silent myocardial ischemia. While patients with emphysema may have increased cardiovascular risk due to chronic hypoxia, diabetes mellitus is a more significant risk factor for autonomic neuropathy and its associated complications, such as silent myocardial ischemia.
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