(1 point). Listen.
Which assessment finding is typical for a patient with stable angina?
Chest pain that is relieved by rest.
Chest pain that lasts more than a few hours.
Chest pain not relieved by nitroglycerin.
Chest pain that occurs unpredictably.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
Stable angina is characterized by chest pain or discomfort that occurs with exertion or stress and is relieved by rest. This type of angina is typically predictable and reproducible. The rationale for this choice is based on the classic presentation of stable angina, where pain is often triggered by physical activity or emotional stress and is relieved by rest. It is related to coronary artery disease (CAD) and is caused by temporary reduction in blood flow to the heart muscle due to narrowed or blocked coronary arteries. The pain is often described as a pressure or squeezing sensation in the chest and is usually predictable, occurring during specific activities or under certain circumstances.
Choice B rationale:
Chest pain that lasts more than a few hours is not typical for stable angina. Angina is characterized by transient episodes of chest pain or discomfort, typically lasting for a few minutes (usually 5-10 minutes). Prolonged chest pain may indicate a different cardiac or non-cardiac condition that requires further evaluation.
Choice C rationale:
Chest pain not relieved by nitroglycerin is not typical for stable angina. Nitroglycerin is a medication commonly used to relieve the symptoms of angina. If chest pain persists despite nitroglycerin administration, it may suggest unstable angina or another cardiac condition that requires immediate medical attention.
Choice D rationale:
Chest pain that occurs unpredictably is not typical for stable angina. Stable angina is characterized by chest pain that is predictable and reproducible, often occurring during specific activities or under certain conditions. Unpredictable chest pain is more indicative of unstable angina or acute coronary syndromes, which are associated with a higher risk of myocardial infarction.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Myocarditis is not the most common cause of coronary artery disease (CAD). Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle, often caused by viral infections or autoimmune reactions. While myocarditis can lead to heart-related symptoms, it is not the primary cause of CAD.
Choice B rationale:
Hypoglycemia is not the most common cause of CAD. Hypoglycemia refers to low blood sugar levels and is not a direct cause of CAD. However, unstable blood sugar levels can affect cardiovascular health, but atherosclerosis remains the primary underlying cause of CAD.
Choice C rationale:
Atherosclerosis is the most common cause of coronary artery disease (CAD). Atherosclerosis is a condition in which the walls of the arteries become clogged with fatty deposits, leading to the narrowing of the arteries. This narrowing restricts blood flow to the heart muscle, resulting in the characteristic symptoms of CAD, such as angina and heart attacks. Atherosclerosis is a major risk factor for CAD and is influenced by factors like high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, smoking, and diabetes.
Choice D rationale:
Vasospasm is not the most common cause of CAD. Vasospasm, also known as coronary artery vasospasm or Prinzmetal's angina, is a condition characterized by transient, sudden narrowing of the coronary arteries. While it can lead to chest pain similar to angina, it is not as common as atherosclerosis in causing CAD. Vasospasm is often associated with certain triggers, such as smoking or drug use, and may occur in addition to atherosclerosis.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Systolic heart failure results in increased left ventricular preload. In systolic heart failure, the heart's ability to contract and eject blood effectively is impaired. This leads to decreased ejection fraction, which means that a significant amount of blood is left in the left ventricle at the end of systole. This increased volume of blood in the left ventricle during diastole is referred to as "preload.”. The increased preload is a compensatory mechanism that the heart uses to maintain cardiac output. However, over time, this increased preload can lead to symptoms of congestion and fluid overload.
Choice B rationale:
Systolic heart failure is characterized by decreased ejection fraction, not increased. Ejection fraction is a measure of the percentage of blood ejected from the left ventricle with each heartbeat. In systolic heart failure, this percentage is reduced.
Choice C rationale:
Systolic heart failure does not directly affect right ventricular preload. Right ventricular preload is more related to conditions that affect the right side of the heart, such as pulmonary hypertension.
Choice D rationale:
Systolic heart failure does not necessarily result in decreased right ventricular end-diastolic pressure. Right ventricular end-diastolic pressure can be influenced by a variety of factors, and its alteration is not a specific hallmark of systolic heart failure.
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