Listen.
Which of the following patients should be monitored closely by the nurse for superior vena cava syndrome?
76-year-old man with congestive heart failure.
66-year-old woman with bronchogenic cancer.
26-year-old woman who has just delivered her first child.
6-year-old child with severe asthma.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale:
A 76-year-old man with congestive heart failure may experience superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) due to the increased pressure in the superior vena cava, but SVCS is more commonly associated with malignancies that compress or invade the superior vena cava. While this patient may be at risk for SVCS, the woman with bronchogenic cancer in choice B is at higher risk.
Choice B rationale:
The correct choice. Patients with bronchogenic cancer, particularly lung cancer, are at a higher risk of developing superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) due to tumor invasion or compression of the superior vena cava. SVCS can cause a range of symptoms, including facial and upper body swelling, dilated neck veins, and difficulty breathing.
Choice C rationale:
A 26-year-old woman who has just delivered her first child is unlikely to develop superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) as a result of childbirth. SVCS is more commonly associated with malignancies or other factors that cause obstruction or compression of the superior vena cava.
Choice D rationale:
A 6-year-old child with severe asthma is less likely to develop SVCS compared to adults, as SVCS is primarily associated with malignancies and other conditions that lead to obstruction of the superior vena cava. While severe asthma can cause respiratory distress, it is not a typical cause of SVCS in children. .
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Chorea is a movement disorder that can be seen in some cases of acute rheumatic fever, but it is not the result of an abnormal immune response to group A streptococcal cell membrane antigens. Chorea is characterized by involuntary, rapid, and irregular movements.
Choice C rationale:
C-reactive protein is a marker of inflammation and can be elevated in acute rheumatic fever, but it is not the primary cause of the condition. Acute rheumatic fever is an autoimmune response to group A streptococcal infection, and M proteins play a significant role in its pathophysiology.
Choice D rationale:
Streptolysin O is a toxin produced by some streptococcal bacteria but is not the primary cause of acute rheumatic fever. It can, however, contribute to the overall inflammatory response in certain cases.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Atherosclerosis is a complex process that involves the buildup of fatty deposits (atherosclerotic plaques) in the inner lining of arteries. The process is initiated by the oxidation of LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) cholesterol in the vessel wall. LDL cholesterol can become oxidized and trigger an inflammatory response in the endothelium, leading to the recruitment of immune cells and the formation of atherosclerotic lesions.
Choice B rationale:
The formation of a fatty streak in the tunica media is not the initial event that initiates atherosclerosis. Fatty streaks are a hallmark of early atherosclerosis but are a consequence of the inflammatory process triggered by the oxidation of LDL cholesterol.
Choice C rationale:
Thrombosis in the vessel lumen can be a complication of atherosclerosis but is not the primary event that initiates the atherosclerotic process.
Choice D rationale:
Endothelial injury and the release of cytokines are part of the inflammatory response that follows the initiation of atherosclerosis. However, the primary event that triggers atherosclerosis is the oxidation of LDL cholesterol in the vessel wall.
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