(1 point). Listen.
A nurse is describing the pathophysiology of acute rheumatic fever.
Which information should the nurse include? Acute rheumatic fever is a result of an acute, abnormal immune response to group A streptococcal cell membrane antigens called:.

Chorea.

M proteins.

C-reactive protein.

Streptolysin O. .

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale:

"Chorea" is not related to the pathophysiology of acute rheumatic fever. Chorea is a movement disorder, but it is not a term associated with the immune response to group A streptococcal cell membrane antigens.

Choice B rationale:

"M proteins" are the key component involved in the pathophysiology of acute rheumatic fever. Group A streptococcal M proteins trigger an abnormal immune response that can lead to acute rheumatic fever and its associated complications, including rheumatic heart disease.

Choice C rationale:

"C-reactive protein" is not the primary antigen or component involved in the pathophysiology of acute rheumatic fever. While C-reactive protein may increase in response to inflammation, it is not the main factor responsible for the development of this condition.

Choice D rationale:

"Streptolysin O" is not the primary antigen involved in the pathophysiology of acute rheumatic fever. Streptolysin O is a toxin produced by group A streptococci, but it is not the antigen responsible for the abnormal immune response leading to acute rheumatic fever. .

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Anemia is not directly associated with endothelial injury in atherosclerosis. While anemia can lead to reduced oxygen delivery to tissues, it is not a primary factor in endothelial injury. Atherosclerosis is primarily linked to risk factors like smoking, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia.

Choice B rationale:

Smoking is a significant risk factor for atherosclerosis and can cause endothelial injury. Smoking introduces harmful chemicals into the bloodstream, leading to inflammation and damage to the inner lining of blood vessels (endothelium). This damage can promote the development of atherosclerotic plaques.

Choice C rationale:

Blood pressure of 110/70 is within the normal range, and while hypertension is a risk factor for atherosclerosis, this specific blood pressure measurement does not indicate endothelial injury.

Choice D rationale:

A history of asthma is not a direct risk factor for atherosclerosis or endothelial injury. While chronic inflammatory conditions can contribute to cardiovascular disease, asthma alone is not typically associated with atherosclerosis.

A. Remodeling of arterial luminal walls. B. Amino acid, homocysteine. C. Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. D. Increased afterload effect.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Remodeling of arterial luminal walls is not a direct consequence of insulin resistance. Insulin resistance primarily affects glucose metabolism and can lead to hypertension through the activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.

Choice B rationale:

Amino acid homocysteine is associated with cardiovascular disease, but it is not the primary mediator of insulin resistance or hypertension.

Choice C rationale:

Insulin resistance is associated with overactivity of the sympathetic nervous system and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays a significant role in regulating blood pressure, and its overactivity can contribute to hypertension.

Choice D rationale:

Increased afterload effect is a consequence of hypertension rather than a direct association with insulin resistance. Insulin resistance can lead to hypertension through various mechanisms, including sympathetic nervous system activation and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activation.

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(1 point). Listen.A nurse is describing the pathophysiology of acute rheumatic fever.Which information should the nurse include? Acute rheumatic fever is a result of an acute, abnormal immune response to group A streptococcal cell membrane antigens called:.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

(1 point). Listen.A patient has atherosclerosis.Which factor associated with endothelial injury will the nurse observe written in the history?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Listen.A nurse is describing insulin resistance in relation to hypertension.Which information should the nurse include? Insulin resistance is associated with overactivity of the sympathetic nervous system and the:.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

(1 point). Listen.While reading the history, the nurse notices that the patient has stenosis of a heart valve.How does the nurse interpret this finding? The valve:.

(1 point). Listen.A cardiologist is describing acute coronary syndromes.Which of the following medical diagnoses is the cardiologist discussing?

(1 point). Solved.Listen.A patient has hyperhomocysteinemia.Which foods should the nurse encourage the patient to consume? Foods high in:.

(1 point). Listen.A nurse is teaching about unstable angina.Which information should the nurse include? Unstable angina is considered a precursor to:.

(1 point). Listen.A patient has a myocardial infarction.Which one of the following changes will occur in the patient's myocardial cells surrounding the infarct?

(1 point). Listen.Over time, if a patient has sustained hypertension, which complication should the nurse expect in this patient?

(1 point). Listen.If a patient has dysfunction in the normal secretion of natriuretic hormones, which laboratory result should the nurse monitor?

(1 point). Listen.A nurse is asked what causes infective endocarditis.What is the nurse's best answer?

(1 point). Listen.
A nurse is describing the pathophysiology of acute rheumatic fever.
Which information should the nurse include? Acute rheumatic fever is a result of an acute, abnormal immune response to group A streptococcal cell membrane antigens called:.