(1 point). Listen.
A nurse is describing the pathophysiology of acute rheumatic fever.
Which information should the nurse include? Acute rheumatic fever is a result of an acute, abnormal immune response to group A streptococcal cell membrane antigens called:.

Choice A rationale:

When describing stroke, it is essential to focus on factors related to the cardiovascular system. Pulse rate, hypertension (high blood pressure), and arrhythmia (irregular heart rhythms) are all cardiovascular parameters that can be associated with stroke. An increase in pulse rate, hypertension, and arrhythmia can be signs of a stroke or risk factors for stroke.

Choice B rationale:

Murmurs, hypertrophy, and blood flow are relevant to cardiac conditions and may be associated with stroke if they lead to inadequate blood flow to the brain. However, they are not as directly related to stroke as the factors mentioned in choice A.

Choice C rationale:

Contractility, preload, and afterload are also important cardiac parameters but are more related to the function of the heart itself rather than stroke. While heart function is crucial for maintaining adequate blood flow to the brain, these parameters are not as directly associated with stroke as the factors in choice A.

Choice D rationale:

Myocyte hibernation, stunning, and remodeling are terms often used in the context of cardiac conditions, particularly after myocardial infarction (heart attack). These terms are not typically associated with a general description of stroke. .

Choice A rationale:

Sleeping is not a significant factor in orthostatic hypotension. When a patient is sleeping, they are typically lying down, and orthostatic hypotension is related to changes in posture, not during sleep.

Choice B rationale:

Exercising can exacerbate orthostatic hypotension because it increases the demand on the cardiovascular system. When a patient exercises, their heart rate and blood pressure can increase significantly. In the case of orthostatic hypotension, there's a risk of a more pronounced drop in blood pressure when transitioning to an upright position after exercise. Therefore, exercising requires close observation in these patients.

Choice C rationale:

Sitting down is a relatively stable position, and orthostatic hypotension primarily involves changes from a sitting or lying position to a standing position. Sitting down doesn't typically worsen orthostatic hypotension.

Choice D rationale:

Standing up is a crucial moment when dealing with orthostatic hypotension. When a patient with orthostatic hypotension stands up, there is a risk of a significant drop in blood pressure, which can lead to symptoms like dizziness or fainting. This is why standing up requires close observation. Now, let's move on to the next question.