A 17-year-old unconscious client has been admitted to the critical care unit in critical condition after a motor vehicle crash with proxy for health care decision-making assigned to the client's parents, who are divorced. When the client's hemoglobin drops to a critical level, the medical team approaches the parents regarding permission to initiate a blood transfusion, the client's mother, a practicing Jehovah's Witness, states that her child is also against such a medical intervention. The client's father does not share his ex-wife's belief that their child would refuse the lifesaving treatment and asks that the transfusion be given. What actions can be taken by the critical care nurse to assist in addressing this ethical dilemma that clearly involves the principles autonomy and beneficence? Select all that apply.

NOTE: Select 2 responses for this question

A. Requesting a consultation by the facility's Ethics Committee is appropriate because it can provide guidance in resolving the ethical conflict between the parents' differing views and the principle of autonomy for the child.
B. Relying on other medical interventions to support the client's needs related to the drop-in hemoglobin is not correct. While alternative treatments may be considered, this would not resolve the ethical conflict regarding the blood transfusion and does not directly address the dilemma between the parents.
C. Discussing at length the impact refusing the blood transfusion on the client's prognosis is not the best initial step. Although it may be helpful to provide this information, the core issue here is parental disagreement and religious beliefs, which should be addressed through legal or ethical consultations rather than simply offering further explanations.
D. Relaying the decision until it's apparent the hemoglobin level is dropping even lower is not appropriate. Delaying the decision may jeopardize the patient's life and does not respect the urgency of the situation or resolve the parental conflict.
E. Asking that other members of the client's immediate family provide insight regarding the client's view on blood transfusions is not the most effective option. While family members may have insight, this does not resolve the conflict between the parents and may not be legally binding.
F. Arranging for a Jehovah's Witness clergy member to discuss the situation with the client's father may provide some guidance, but it is unlikely to resolve the legal and ethical conflict about the blood transfusion. A clergy member's intervention is helpful in supporting religious beliefs but does not address the medical or legal implications of the decision.
G. Applying to the court system to arbitrate the conflict may be necessary if the parents cannot reach a consensus and if the medical team believes that the life-saving treatment should proceed. The court can make decisions based on the best interests of the child, particularly when there is a disagreement between parents.