A 26-year-old patient is admitted to the hospital with a new diagnosis of diabetes, a blood glucose level of 680 mg/dL and ketones in the blood and urine. Which type of diabetes should the nurse suspect?

Gestational

Prediabetes

Type 1

Type 2

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Gestational: Gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy and does not involve ketones in blood and urine, which are indicative of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).

B. Prediabetes: Prediabetes involves mildly elevated glucose levels but does not present with ketones or DKA.

C. Type 1: Type 1 diabetes is characterized by an absolute insulin deficiency, leading to hyperglycemia and ketone production. DKA is a hallmark presentation of untreated or newly diagnosed Type 1 diabetes.

D. Type 2: Type 2 diabetes is less likely to present with DKA as insulin production is typically sufficient to prevent significant ketone formation.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Increased heart rate: An increased heart rate may indicate dehydration or hypovolemia, which would suggest desmopressin is ineffective in managing diabetes insipidus.

B. Increased blood pressure: Desmopressin might increase blood pressure slightly, but this is not a direct indicator of its effectiveness in controlling diabetes insipidus.

C. Serum sodium 150 mEq/L (136-145): Elevated sodium levels indicate persistent dehydration or insufficient control of fluid balance, suggesting the treatment is ineffective.

D. Urine specific gravity 1.015 (1.005 - 1.030): A normalized urine specific gravity indicates that desmopressin is effectively concentrating the urine, a key goal in managing diabetes insipidus.

A. "Levothyroxine will decrease your metabolic rate and body temperature." B. "Take levothyroxine at dinner time daily." C. "Tremors, nervousness, and insomnia can indicate that your dose is too high." D. "Take this medication until manifestations of hypothyroidism are gone and then discontinue."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. "Levothyroxine will decrease your metabolic rate and body temperature.": Levothyroxine increases the metabolic rate and body temperature by correcting hypothyroidism. This statement is incorrect.

B. "Take levothyroxine at dinner time daily.": Levothyroxine is best taken on an empty stomach in the morning to optimize absorption.

C. "Tremors, nervousness, and insomnia can indicate that your dose is too high.": These symptoms are consistent with hyperthyroidism, which can result from excessive levothyroxine dosage.

D. "Take this medication until manifestations of hypothyroidism are gone and then discontinue.": Levothyroxine is usually a lifelong therapy and should not be stopped without provider guidance.

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A 26-year-old patient is admitted to the hospital with a new diagnosis of diabetes, a blood glucose level of 680 mg/dL and ketones in the blood and urine. Which type of diabetes should the nurse suspect?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is monitoring a client who received desmopressin (DDAVP) to treat diabetes insipidus. Which of the following findings indicates effectiveness of the medication?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has hypothyroidism and a prescription for levothyroxine. Which of the following statements should the nurse make to the client?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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A nurse in a clinic is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of hypothyroidism. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

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