A nurse is monitoring a client who received desmopressin (DDAVP) to treat diabetes insipidus. Which of the following findings indicates effectiveness of the medication?

Increased heart rate

Increased blood pressure

Serum sodium 150 mEq/L (136-145)

Urine specific gravity 1.015 (1.005 - 1.030)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Increased heart rate: An increased heart rate may indicate dehydration or hypovolemia, which would suggest desmopressin is ineffective in managing diabetes insipidus.

B. Increased blood pressure: Desmopressin might increase blood pressure slightly, but this is not a direct indicator of its effectiveness in controlling diabetes insipidus.

C. Serum sodium 150 mEq/L (136-145): Elevated sodium levels indicate persistent dehydration or insufficient control of fluid balance, suggesting the treatment is ineffective.

D. Urine specific gravity 1.015 (1.005 - 1.030): A normalized urine specific gravity indicates that desmopressin is effectively concentrating the urine, a key goal in managing diabetes insipidus.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Blood glucose level below 40 mg/dL: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is associated with hyperglycemia (blood glucose typically above 250 mg/dL), not hypoglycemia.

B. Malignant hypertension: DKA does not cause malignant hypertension; fluid and electrolyte imbalances are more common.

C. Cheyne-Stokes breathing: Cheyne-Stokes breathing is associated with neurologic or cardiac conditions, not DKA.

D. Acetone odor to breath: This is a hallmark symptom of ketoacidosis, resulting from ketone body production due to fat metabolism.

A. has no peak B. 4 to 14 hr C. 1 to 5 hr D. 30 min to 3 hr

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Has no peak: NPH insulin has a distinct peak time, unlike long-acting insulins such as glargine or detemir, which have no peak.

B. 4 to 14 hr: NPH insulin is an intermediate-acting insulin with an onset of 1-2 hours, a peak between 4-14 hours, and a duration of 16-24 hours.

C. 1 to 5 hr: This timeframe describes the peak of short-acting insulins such as regular insulin.

D. 30 min to 3 hr: This timeframe describes the peak of rapid-acting insulins such as lispro, aspart, or glulisine.

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A nurse is monitoring a client who received desmopressin (DDAVP) to treat diabetes insipidus. Which of the following findings indicates effectiveness of the medication?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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