Which statements by the patient with a new diagnosis of diabetes show understanding of instruction related to leading a healthy life and preventing complications? Select all that apply

"I must avoid all sweets and carbohydrates."

"I must check my feet daily."

"I will stop exercising so my blood sugar doesn't drop."

"I should have a yearly eye exam.”

"I should aim to keep my premeal blood glucose reading under 126 mg/dl.”

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,D,E

A. "I must avoid all sweets and carbohydrates": A balanced diet including carbohydrates is essential for energy. The focus should be on managing portion sizes and choosing complex carbohydrates.

B. "I must check my feet daily": Regular foot inspections help prevent complications such as ulcers and infections, which are common in diabetes.

C. "I will stop exercising so my blood sugar doesn't drop": Exercise is important for managing diabetes, but clients should monitor blood sugar levels before and after exercising and have a carbohydrate source available to prevent hypoglycemia.

D. "I should have a yearly eye exam": Annual eye exams are necessary to detect diabetic retinopathy early.

E. "I should aim to keep my premeal blood glucose reading under 126 mg/dL": This goal aligns with ADA recommendations for glycemic control in diabetes management.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Insulin injections daily: Uncontrolled blood glucose levels, despite dietary compliance, indicate that the pancreas may not be producing adequate insulin. Daily insulin is necessary to control hyperglycemia in this situation.

B. Fluid restrictions: Fluid restrictions are not indicated unless the client has comorbidities like heart or renal failure.

C. Oral hypoglycemic medications: Oral medications are often ineffective for Type 1 diabetes or severe cases of Type 2 diabetes with marked hyperglycemia.

D. Peritoneal dialysis therapy: This is a treatment for end-stage renal disease, not uncontrolled diabetes mellitus.

A. "You are retaining a lot of sodium and potassium and that causes you to gain water weight" B. "Your kidneys are not working correctly, so they can't get rid of extra water from your system" C. "The syndrome causes an increase in appetite. As soon as you are effectively treated, the weight should drop back to normal for you." D. "You have too much of a hormone in your system that causes you to retain water. The extra 10 pounds is likely water weight."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. "You are retaining a lot of sodium and potassium, and that causes you to gain water weight.": SIADH involves dilutional hyponatremia, not retention of sodium and potassium.

B. "Your kidneys are not working correctly, so they can't get rid of extra water from your system.": SIADH results from excessive secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), not kidney dysfunction.

C. "The syndrome causes an increase in appetite. As soon as you are effectively treated, the weight should drop back to normal for you.": SIADH causes water retention, not increased appetite.

D. "You have too much of a hormone in your system that causes you to retain water. The extra 10 pounds is likely water weight.": This accurately explains that excess ADH leads to water retention, causing weight gain.

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Which statements by the patient with a new diagnosis of diabetes show understanding of instruction related to leading a healthy life and preventing complications? Select all that apply

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new onset of diabetes mellitus and is experiencing uncontrolled blood glucose levels. The client informs the nurse about their strict dietary compliance. Which should the nurse anticipate the provider prescribing for treatment?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A patient with SIADH asks the nurse why he has gained 10 pounds. Which response is best?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about taking high doses of oral glucocorticoids for over ten years to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following findings indicates that the client is experiencing DKA?

A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a thyroidectomy. Which of the following is a priority for the nurse to monitor during the first 24 hr of care for this client?

A nurse is collecting data on a client who has hyperthyroidism. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect the client to report?

A nurse is preparing to administer desmopressin 0.2 mg PO daily. The amount available is 0.1 mg tablets. How many tablets should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number.)

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has diabetes mellitus and self-administers insulin. The client reports drinking an occasional glass of wine. Which of the following is an appropriate response by the nurse?

A nursing is reviewing nutrition therapy with a client who has Cushing's disease. Which of the following dietary modifications should the nurse include in this discussion?

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has diabetes mellitus and a new prescription for lispro and Lantus insulins. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?