Which statements by the patient with a new diagnosis of diabetes show understanding of instruction related to leading a healthy life and preventing complications? Select all that apply
"I must avoid all sweets and carbohydrates."
"I must check my feet daily."
"I will stop exercising so my blood sugar doesn't drop."
"I should have a yearly eye exam.”
"I should aim to keep my premeal blood glucose reading under 126 mg/dl.”
Correct Answer : B,D,E
A. "I must avoid all sweets and carbohydrates": A balanced diet including carbohydrates is essential for energy. The focus should be on managing portion sizes and choosing complex carbohydrates.
B. "I must check my feet daily": Regular foot inspections help prevent complications such as ulcers and infections, which are common in diabetes.
C. "I will stop exercising so my blood sugar doesn't drop": Exercise is important for managing diabetes, but clients should monitor blood sugar levels before and after exercising and have a carbohydrate source available to prevent hypoglycemia.
D. "I should have a yearly eye exam": Annual eye exams are necessary to detect diabetic retinopathy early.
E. "I should aim to keep my premeal blood glucose reading under 126 mg/dL": This goal aligns with ADA recommendations for glycemic control in diabetes management.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Serum potassium 4.8 mEq/L (3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L): A normal potassium level suggests effective treatment of hyperkalemia.
B. Serum sodium 138 mEq/L (136 to 145 mEq/L): This is within the normal sodium range and unrelated to the adverse effects of insulin therapy.
C. Calcium level of 10.0 mg/dL (9.0 to 10.5 mg/dL): This is within the normal calcium range, unaffected by insulin therapy for hyperkalemia.
D. Serum glucose 58 mg/dL (74 to 106 mg/dL): Hypoglycemia is a potential adverse effect of insulin therapy because insulin drives glucose into cells, lowering blood sugar.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. 0730: At this time, the client is eating breakfast, which aligns with the onset of NPH insulin but does not address its peak effect.
B. 1230: This coincides with lunch, which matches the duration of NPH insulin but not the time when hypoglycemia is most likely to occur.
C. 1500: NPH insulin peaks about 4–12 hours after administration. Providing a snack at 1500 helps prevent hypoglycemia during the peak insulin activity.
D. 0900: This time is too early to account for the peak effect of NPH insulin, which usually occurs later in the day.
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