Which statements by the patient with a new diagnosis of diabetes show understanding of instruction related to leading a healthy life and preventing complications? Select all that apply
"I must avoid all sweets and carbohydrates."
"I must check my feet daily."
"I will stop exercising so my blood sugar doesn't drop."
"I should have a yearly eye exam.”
"I should aim to keep my premeal blood glucose reading under 126 mg/dl.”
Correct Answer : B,D,E
A. "I must avoid all sweets and carbohydrates": A balanced diet including carbohydrates is essential for energy. The focus should be on managing portion sizes and choosing complex carbohydrates.
B. "I must check my feet daily": Regular foot inspections help prevent complications such as ulcers and infections, which are common in diabetes.
C. "I will stop exercising so my blood sugar doesn't drop": Exercise is important for managing diabetes, but clients should monitor blood sugar levels before and after exercising and have a carbohydrate source available to prevent hypoglycemia.
D. "I should have a yearly eye exam": Annual eye exams are necessary to detect diabetic retinopathy early.
E. "I should aim to keep my premeal blood glucose reading under 126 mg/dL": This goal aligns with ADA recommendations for glycemic control in diabetes management.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Has no peak: NPH insulin has a distinct peak time, unlike long-acting insulins such as glargine or detemir, which have no peak.
B. 4 to 14 hr: NPH insulin is an intermediate-acting insulin with an onset of 1-2 hours, a peak between 4-14 hours, and a duration of 16-24 hours.
C. 1 to 5 hr: This timeframe describes the peak of short-acting insulins such as regular insulin.
D. 30 min to 3 hr: This timeframe describes the peak of rapid-acting insulins such as lispro, aspart, or glulisine.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Hypernatremia: Addison’s disease causes low aldosterone levels, leading to hyponatremia rather than hypernatremia.
B. Hypotension: Addison's disease causes insufficient cortisol and aldosterone, resulting in fluid loss and low blood pressure, especially in stress or postoperative states.
C. Bradycardia: Addison’s disease does not typically affect heart rate directly, though hypotension may cause a compensatory increase in heart rate (tachycardia).
D. Hypokalemia: Addison's disease leads to hyperkalemia due to low aldosterone levels, which reduce potassium excretion by the kidneys.
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